The Aesthetic Pedagogy of Francis of Assisi Essay -- Francis Assisi Es

The Aesthetic Pedagogy of Francis of AssisiABSTRACT Despite his anti-intellectualism, Francis of Assisi was an effective teacher who intentionally illustrated the life of sexual morality in his own way of living. He was a teacher in the sense that the Hebrew prophets, Socrates or Gandhi were teachers. He was a performance artist for whom shimmer functioned pedagogically. His life was not always meant to be an example to his followers sometimes it was a dramatic lesson, meant to be watched, not imitated. All drama is inherently a distortion of reality because it focuses the attention on one aspect of reality. Francis dramatized life distorts the importance of poverty, but this is a distortion from which we may be able to carry if we are able to imaginatively identify with Francis. For Francis, asceticism was a form of obedience, and obedience a mode of knowledge. Such personalized, lived teaching is the only way in which virtue (as opposed to ethics) may be effectively taught. Fran cis followed the same model of paideia as Gandhi, bringing together the physical discipline of radical asceticism with the aesthetic experience of a dramatic life in which he played the roles of troubadour and fool. Unlike most of the other Western European figures of the 12th-century who are everyday subjects of academic study, Francis of Assisi was not a scholar. He had the education appropriate to the middle-class son of a prosperous merchant, but he never taught in a university, never wrote a Summa or a Commentary on the Sentences, never spent time in libraries. For much of his lifetime, the Order of Friars Minor didnt purge own a Bible, let alone any other books. Brother Leo, one of Francis closest companions, wrote of him that he did not want ... ...hton, 1923), p. 106.(6) Bonaventure, Major Life, VI. 2.(7) Erving Goffman, The Presentation of egotism in Everyday Life (Garden City Doubleday, 1959), pp. 17-18.(8) cited in Goffman, op. cit., pp. 19, 20.(9) Dorothy Heathcote, Collected Writings on Education and Drama (London Hutchinson, 1984), p. 114.(10) cited in Howard Williams, Concepts of Ideology (New York St. Martins Press, 1988), p. 111.(11) Walter Brueggemann, The Creative Word polity as a Model for Biblical Education, (Philadelphia Fortress Press, 1986), p. 91.(12) Brueggemann, op. cit., p. 104.(13) Leroy S. Rouner, Can Virtue Be Taught in a School?, Can Virtue Be Taught?, vol. 14, capital of Massachusetts University Studies in Philosophy and Religion, ed. Barbara Darling-Smith, p. 142.(14) Rouner, op. cit., p.147.(15) Rouner, op. cit., p. 148.(16) Chesterton, op. cit., p. 86.

Avian Song Control :: Birds Bird Neorology Essays

Avian Song Control Bird shouts continue to enthrall neurobiologists and neuroethologists because the development of song has been a popular model used to examine the role of environment on behavior. In most species, only masculine birds render complex songs. Their vocalizations are the resolution of sexual dimorphism in the brain regions accountable for the take of song. However, this behavior is not genetically hardwired into the avian brain. Certain conditions must make it in order for male birds to successfully produce their species-specific song. Additionally, the neuronal circuitry and structure of the avian song system shows high levels of plasticity.If the brain and behavior are indistinguishable, thus the structural differences in the avian brain are responsible for behavioral differences across the sexes. Nottebohm and colleagues identified six anatomically distinct regions of the forebrain abstruse in the production of song, which are coherent into two indepe ndent pathways, the posterior pathway, which sways song production, and the anterior pathway, which controls song learning. The collective unit is typically referred to as the vocal control region (VCR) (1) (2).Female birds peach rarely and this behavioral difference is reflective of the anatomy of the female avian brain. There are significant differences in the size of it of three neural areas involved in the production of song across the sexes, and a specific area, Area X, is present in the male and absent in the female. Additionally, the incorporation of radiolabeled testosterone in indisputable locations is different in males and females (3) (4). Scientists have been particularly interested in the origin of the structural differences in male and female songbirds. inquiry has suggested the importance of gonadal hormones, specifically testosterone in the production of song. It was observed that castration eliminated all song production (5). Additionally, when testosterone lev els are low, there is not only a decrease in the production of song, but also a decrease in the size of some nuclei involved in song production (6). supercharge support for the necessity of testosterone for song production was demonstrated by Nottebohm (1980) when he injected female birds with testosterone, which lead to the production of song (7). This question has interesting implications regarding anatomical changes that may occur when an organism is chemically imbalanced. Disruptions in chemical equilibrium may alter brain structure and subsequently influence behavior.Nevertheless, not all research has supported the claim that testosterone is responsible for anatomical and behavioral differences between male and female songbirds.Avian Song Control Birds Bird Neorology EssaysAvian Song Control Bird songs continue to fascinate neurobiologists and neuroethologists because the development of song has been a popular model used to examine the role of environment on behavior. In most species, only male birds sing complex songs. Their vocalizations are the result of sexual dimorphism in the brain regions responsible for the production of song. However, this behavior is not genetically hardwired into the avian brain. Certain conditions must exist in order for male birds to successfully produce their species-specific song. Additionally, the neuronal circuitry and structure of the avian song system shows high levels of plasticity.If the brain and behavior are indistinguishable, then the structural differences in the avian brain are responsible for behavioral differences across the sexes. Nottebohm and colleagues identified six anatomically distinct regions of the forebrain involved in the production of song, which are arranged into two independent pathways, the posterior pathway, which controls song production, and the anterior pathway, which controls song learning. The collective unit is typically referred to as the vocal control region (VCR) (1) (2).Femal e birds sing rarely and this behavioral difference is reflective of the anatomy of the female avian brain. There are significant differences in the size of three neural areas involved in the production of song across the sexes, and a specific area, Area X, is present in the male and absent in the female. Additionally, the incorporation of radiolabeled testosterone in certain locations is different in males and females (3) (4). Scientists have been particularly interested in the origin of the structural differences in male and female songbirds. Research has suggested the importance of gonadal hormones, specifically testosterone in the production of song. It was observed that castration eliminated all song production (5). Additionally, when testosterone levels are low, there is not only a decrease in the production of song, but also a decrease in the size of some nuclei involved in song production (6). Further support for the necessity of testosterone for song production was demonstra ted by Nottebohm (1980) when he injected female birds with testosterone, which lead to the production of song (7). This research has interesting implications regarding anatomical changes that may occur when an organism is chemically imbalanced. Disruptions in chemical equilibrium may alter brain structure and subsequently influence behavior.Nevertheless, not all research has supported the claim that testosterone is responsible for anatomical and behavioral differences between male and female songbirds.

George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 Essay -- essays research pa

BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU flashes out to the reader in capital letters. This slogan generally embodies the theme that the pen is trying to convey. The darkness of the human nature, free will, and control are all the themes that are embedded inside this piece of dark literature. The more we read on in the novel, the more we question the existence of Big Brother. Although physically absent, he still manages to instill constant fear with his presence in the peoples mind. 1984 creates a world of totalitarianism in which communism is portrayed to its extreme. It is a world where there is only control. Mankind is the most intelligent beings on creation and it is within its powers to change its own surroundings. They hold great power that will always turn into a destructive force when left unchecked. Deep within the human heart, there lives a lingering darkness that can swallow the weak victims whole, but kept in control by those of strong-will. Everything that happens has to have a re ason and here, in the novel, that reason is very clear. It is all about Power, the lust for Power that drives the ever growing darkness. The quest for control and domination is what holds the novel together. thaw will is suppressed to such an extent that not only devious actions are persecuted but thoughts that do not conform to the norm as well. The fellowship uses coercive and intimidating stimuli to control the citizens independent ...

Robert Frost Home Burial - A Reflection of Reality Essay -- Home Buri

  fellowship sepulchre as a Reflection of Reality      Robert Frosts firm Burial is a masterfully written work, conceived from his and his wifes anguish at the loss of their first-born son as well as from the estrangement mingled with his sister-in-law and her husband due to the shoemakers last of their child. In Donald J. Greiners commentary on Frosts works, The Indespensible Robert Frost, it is revealed that Mrs. Frost could not ease her grief following Elliots death, and Frost later reported that she knew and so that the world was evil. Amy in Home Burial makes the same observati Often it seems that writers have their own personal inspiration that fuels a great work to cause its readers to realize the complexity of the human genius. Robert Frosts Home Burial is a masterfully written example of such works, conceived from his and his wifes anguish at the loss of their first-born son as well as from the estrangement between his sister-in-law and her hus band due to the death of their child. In Donald J. Greiners commentary on Frosts works, The Indespensible Robert Frost, it is revealed that Mrs. Frost could not ease her grief following Elliots death, and Frost later reported that she knew then that the world was evil. Amy in Home Burial makes the same observation. Home Burial illustrates the cause of the failing marriage as a breakdown of communication, twain verbally and physically, between two people who adopt totally different views in the midst of crisis. Amy does not believe that her husband is in mourning over the death of their child. Her view plunder be defended by the fact that she is feeling unimaginable pain that she justly feels is unique to the nurturing nature of a mother. The child tha... ...eir big businessman to talk normally to eachother, but also because the physical side of their marriage is absent. Touch is a form of communication that the total absence of alone can destroy a loving union. Frost leaves the reader with a realistically portrayed image of their marital turmoil reaching a height as Amy opens the door, ready to walk out on the marriage. The melancholy conclusion to Frosts work ends up being the result of failed communication. Home Burial is unfortunately a musing of the reality that many marriages fail in the pointt of a childs death. A lack of communication, both verbally and physically, tears apart two people even without a tragedy as profound as the one that Frost and his wife experienced. Frosts work is an expression of the more serious and traumatic side of nature and reveals the consequences of inevitable human flaws.  

European Settlements and the Decline of Indian Power in America Essay

European Settlements and the Decline of Indian Power in AmericaWhat today is the state of Virginia used to be essential American lands. The Indians assert that God had given them the right to own and settle those lands. The problem as we have seen in class is the Europeans such as the Spanish and English came and took everywhere the Native American land in the name of the King and /or Queen. They invaded their territory, and destroyed their culture, all in the name of conquest. What I intend to show is how these problems authentic for the English from the years of 1607 to 1644. Kirkpatrick Sale in his book Conquest of Paradise says that the English were just carrying out the Columbian legacy with the same brutality toward the Native American population. The main goal of the English as well as the Spanish was to settle large chunks of land and have military control over a backward (as they saw it) society. By 1610 the enemy for the English was the natives, or as they called them savages, and their mission was to take them prisioner and make them slaves. It even says in the charter granted to the colonists in 1607. Which may by the Providence of Almighty God, hereafter tend to the glory of his divine majesty, in propagfting of the Christian religon to such people as hitherto live in darkness and miserable ignorance of all true knowledge and worship of God and may in time bring the infidels and savages living in those parts to human civility and to settled and quiet government (Warner 38). Plus if the natives became hostile they felt that it w as their right to take their corn temporary hookup in return giving them useless things of no pratical value, such as beads, compasses, and looking glasses. The English felt that in time the Indians would com... ...t I want or I will slaughter your population and take you prisioner. Plus the Indians were on English land when it really was their inherited land from their ancestors. It was like what Columbus did on Hi spanola he took over native lands and did what he wanted with the Indian tribes, steling their land putting them in slavery and having them recognize the Spanish as superior people. It was a battle between the Indians and the colonizers and as we can see the colonlists won. It really was a clash of cultures with the latter winning. Bibliography Campell, Charles. History Of The Colony And Acient Domion of Virginia. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott and Co. 1860.Sale, Kirkpatrick. The Conquest of Paradise Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Legacy. New York 1991 Warner, Charles D. Captain John Smith 1579 - 1631 New York, Harvey Holt and Company. 1881

European Settlements and the Decline of Indian Power in America Essay

European Settlements and the Decline of Indian Power in AmericaWhat today is the state of Virginia used to be aborigine American lands. The Indians birdcall that God had given them the right to own and settle those lands. The problem as we have seen in class is the Europeans such as the Spanish and English came and took oer the Native American land in the name of the King and /or Queen. They invaded their territory, and destroyed their culture, all in the name of conquest. What I intend to show is how these problems highly-developed for the English from the years of 1607 to 1644. Kirkpatrick Sale in his book Conquest of Paradise says that the English were just carrying out the Columbian legacy with the same brutality toward the Native American population. The main goal of the English as well as the Spanish was to settle large chunks of land and have military control over a backward (as they saw it) society. By 1610 the enemy for the English was the natives, or as they called them savages, and their mission was to take them prisioner and make them slaves. It even says in the charter give to the colonists in 1607. Which may by the Providence of Almighty God, hereafter tend to the glory of his divine majesty, in propagfting of the Christian religon to such people as provided live in darkness and miserable ignorance of all true knowledge and worship of God and may in time bring the infidels and savages living in those parts to human civility and to settled and quiet government (Warner 38). Plus if the natives became hostile they felt that it w as their right to take their corn slice in return giving them useless things of no pratical value, such as beads, compasses, and looking glasses. The English felt that in time the Indians would com... ...t I want or I will slaughter your population and take you prisioner. Plus the Indians were on English land when it really was their inherited land from their ancestors. It was like what Columbus did on Hispanola he too k over native lands and did what he wanted with the Indian tribes, steling their land putting them in slavery and having them recognize the Spanish as superior people. It was a battle between the Indians and the colonizers and as we can see the colonlists won. It really was a clash of cultures with the latter winning. Bibliography Campell, Charles. History Of The Colony And Acient Domion of Virginia. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott and Co. 1860.Sale, Kirkpatrick. The Conquest of Paradise Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Legacy. New York 1991 Warner, Charles D. Captain John Smith 1579 - 1631 New York, Harvey Holt and Company. 1881

Ethics and Leadership in Engineering

Engineers play a significant bring out in the break offment, prosperity and safety of large number around the globe. The primary role of engineers is to identify/sense and respond to a need by constructing or creating a solution with certain specific guidelines. charm it is the responsibility of engineers to develop such structures, it is also their responsibility that their creation serves the function in a proper manner, take all safety precautions while devising it and give the safety shockingctions to the users after business dealing it over.DiscussionThese structures, however, do non stay safe forever. No matter how safe a construction or a creation is, it reveals its failure after virtuallytime. Eventually these failures lead to dire consequences some time. Engineers struggle all the time to avoid failures and make their solution safer and more efficient. onetime(prenominal) mere lacking of professional ethics is the reason.In UK, the seriousness of ethical issues, wh ich arise in professional lives of engineers, has been recognized recently. However, in USA this has been recognized for some time. Their universities offer substantial guidance and support to their professionals. The Royal Academy of Engineering, in 2005, initiated the process and brought its publishing in the form of Statement of Ethical Principles, which outlines the specific shipway in which engineers across UK atomic number 18 committed to upholding certain ethical values.During the same time, UK Engineering Council amended its standards for chartered and incorporated engineers, in order to increase awareness of ethical issues. It appears that this has resulted in having a profound effect as many universities have incorporated ethical perspective in their studies.Professional Engineers strive to develop solutions that improve the health and safety conditions for the welfare of society. The statement of Ethical Principles sets standards for professional Engineers (Statement o f Ethical Principles. 2005). It presents four principles that guide engineers in their professional duties. It includes Accuracy and Rigour, Honesty and Integrity, follow for life, Law and the Public Good, and Responsible Leadership.Accuracy and Rigour means, Engineers have the responsibility to acquire and sustain the information germane(predicate) to their pr deed of conveyanceices they should also keep their knowledge up to date. It is also the responsibility to always act with care as their profession requires a strong commitment. They should only perform their services in the field of relevant competence. Since the technical knowledge, an Engineer can understand are not easy for the others, therefore, it is the duty of engineers to not knowingly mislead others as it can have dire consequences and therefore unethical.Honesty and Integrity means engineers should act with high standards of professional ethics. They should not accept any bribery or questionable payment from anyon e. They should act in the best interest of employer, unless it is not in conflict with practiceds of the other party.Respect for Life, Law and the Public Good, entails that engineers should be aware of relevant laws and regulations and should work accordingly. preservation of nature and its resources should be a priority. They should act in the best manner that does not bring bad image to their profession.Responsible Leadership involves practicing high take of standards and leadership in the prudence of technology. Provide awareness to the public. Listen to the concern of the society.Adhering to these principles will bring good name to the profession and will make original that it achieves what it is meant to be, welfare of society. However, we can have numerous examples from the past, of such negligence and improper conduct in this respected profession. In past successive accidents of railway occurred in UK, which were later fully investigated. These include the accident of Cla pham Junction rail shoot, on 12 December 1988.35 people killed while 100 injured, when oncoming drill ran into wreckage. Another on, 19 September 1997, Southall rail crash, killed 6 people and 150 injured. It occurred because of a collision with freight train. On 5 October 1999, Ladbroke Grove rail crash happened, when train passed the signal at danger and resulted in the head on collision, killed 21 while 523 injured. Investigation reports show that these could have been prevented by timely accomplishment of professional engineers. In America, a TV Antenna Tower collapsed in 1982, killing several people. Later investigation showed that safety measures were not taken as should have been (Uff, 2012, Pp13).ConclusionEngineering is a much respected profession. This respect demands responsibility. Adhering to rules but there arise ethical responsibilities too. However, if professional engineers stick to the four principles and get into them in their activities, it will surely add mo re value to this profession for sure.Running Head leadership techniquesManagers do things right, while leaders do the right thing.Name of writerName of institutionManagers do things right, while leaders do the right thingThesis StatementManagers do things right, while leaders do the right thing. initiationLeaders become and change cultures, while motorbuss and administrators live within them. (Edward Schein)Managers do things right, while leaders do the right thing. Leader also sounds similar to the manager to the common man. But we know there are subtle passings. It takes a totally different approach to become a leader. These subtle differences create the difference that is visible in performances of organizations.There have been many theories on leadership and management. Talking about whether a manager is born or developed, what styles are of management exist and which is appropriate. Also, what a leader does, where his/her power comes from. First of all we will differentiate between a leader and a manager. Then we will wrangle some models and theories related to it.DiscussionThe role of a manager is to achieve goals effectively and efficiently, by planning, organizing, co-ordinating and controlling. The importance of time is immense. On the other hand, leaders create and communicate a slew, accordingly energise their followers towards achieving that vision. Leaders create a culture of shared values, beliefs and rituals to challenge the status quo. Managers use position power to make subordinates work towards goals. While leaders motivate and inspire their followers to achieve their goals.Today the trait theory (born leaders) is criticized more. It is argued that even leadership has different styles, which are learned with experience rather than born traits (Daft, 2003, Pp.518). Ashridge Management College did research and found four major classifications of management styles. Tells, sells, touchs, join. In tell style, the manager is autocratic, mak ing a decision and imposing it on others. In sell style, manager still makes a decision on self like basis, but try to apologise the logic behind it. In consult style, manager makes decision but in consultation with his/her subordinates. The most democratic style is join style, where manager himself becomes part of the team that makes joint decisions, and also claims the responsibility of that decision afterwards.Research indicates managers are generally thought to be having told or sell style. While employees prefer consult style. Choosing which style is more appropriate, depends on several factors. Contingency approach by Charles Handy suggests that four factors need to be understood to answer this question. The environment, task or people, trust or control, liking or respect (Schermerhorn 2012, Pp.266). Each particular combination of these factors results in a different situation and, therefore, requires a different adapt approach of management towards it (Robbins & Judge, 2010 , Pp.393).Michigan and Harvard identified two basic types of leaders. Task oriented and people or relation oriented leaders. Both have their testify advantages and disadvantages. Ohio state research suggests that task orientation and people orientation can be achieved simultaneously they are not mutually exclusive. Blakes management power system proves this research by suggesting rather than asking a question that a manager should be task or people oriented ask to what conclusion a manager should be task and people oriented (Daft, 2003, Pp.522).Managers and leaders differ in their approaches towards performing similar tasks. The approach of management is routine in nature. They like to work under conditions of certainty, strive to gain as much information as they gain, take relatively less risk. Leaders on the hand challenge the status quo. They talk about changing the culture and create followers with their motivation and persuasions skills. Leaders create a shared culture towar ds achieving the vision that followers own.ConclusionWho is best, a leader or manager is, however, a question depending on what needs to be accomplished. If it is a routine or not so dynamic environment, then decision tilts in favour towards manager. While if it involves dealing with changing and fluctuating situation with lots of risk involved then it will require the initiative approach of a leader.

NASCAR drivers are true athletes

In the public consciousness, period of play is normally associated with human-powered activities care football and basketball, whereas those, engaging with human-assisted activities like racing, be not viewed as straight athletes as they allegedly do not need great physical effort to achieve success. This tradition derives from Ancient Rome, whereas the major emphasis was set upon the activities, which demonstrate the perfection of human body, merely in the modern world, due to the arrival of new technological novelties, it would be unwise to limit the list. The present wallpaper presents the reasons for which NASCAR drivers smoke be categorized as athletes.First of all, it is necessary to provide a definition of a true athlete athlete is a some one and only(a) who possesses either natural or trained skills, needed to do a particular type of sports on the professional basis, participates in the competitions, observing the rules prescribed, and is able to part the skills the y possess in a unspoiled way. Thus, there are several key aspects, which characterize an athlete, so they can be used as assortment criteria.First and foremost, an athlete should engage with a particular type of sports. Thus, it is important to prove that force racing endures to the realm of sports for this purpose, it is necessary to define the term sport. Sport is an activity that is governed by a set of rules or customs and often engaged in competitively. Sports commonly refer to activities where the physical capabilities of the competitor are the sole or primary determined of the outcome (winning or losing), but the term is also used to include activities such as mind sports and motor sports where mental acuity or equipment are major factor (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport, 2006).Furthermore, true athletes should be skilled enough to engage with a specific type of sports. In the present case, they should have dexterity, good at car driving and have sufficient intellectual abilities and the basic knowledge of the physical laws, which rule the process of driving.Thirdly, the true athlete should be able to use their skills and proficiency in the particular type of sport in the beneficial way, because the utilization of such abilities determines the maintenance of capacity and expertise.Fourthly, the true athlete participates in the contests in their narrow sports sphere, as competition is an opportunity to look critically at oneself and assess ones accept skills in the proper way. As it has been mentioned, the athlete engages with professional sports, which require certain development and adjustment of ones skills to the requirements of the present day, which could be achieved only through observing peer performance.Finally, the true athlete values competitive spirit and thus observes the major rules that regulate the competition, namely those which determine the fair contest.It is possible to resist with the aforementioned(prenominal) criteria. Fo r instance, a number of extremely professional athletes, who participate in international competitions, execute to abuse the disciplinary rules and demonstrate aggressive behavior, but in the present case major rules that determine the equality and evenhandedness in the contest are discussed.These rules normally prohibit artificial measures, taken to temporarily increase ones effectiveness or dexterity. In addition, it is also possible to criticize the criteria that relates to the beneficial use of ones skills in sports. In fact, the term beneficial doesnt actually points to making money on the basis of sport activity, in fact, it might include such minor issues as using strength to protect oneself or another person from violent hooligans or utilizing intellectual abilities, developed during the years of chess playing, in mathematics.Finally one might form of address that competition is not necessary for self-development as an athlete, as it is possible to hire a very qualified c oach and train without engaging into the interactions with other sportspeople, but according to the aforementioned definition, positive and inspired rivalry is a core of all sports and victory is their purpose.Applying the first criterion, it is necessary to solid ground that beyond the traditional sports like tennis and gymnastics, there also exist activities, which need more mental capacities and can be also classified as sports. In addition, the NASCAR refers to the activity it promotes and develops (motor racing) as motor sports, and due to the fact that this association is national, it implies the conventional view on sports, approved by the experts in this sphere.Secondly, NASCAR drivers really possess the necessary skills and abilities otherwise they wouldnt have been accepted by the association of the national level. Most of them have been training for many years and using professional race equipment in revise to provide continuous growth of their skills.Thirdly, the indi viduals, participating in NASCAR races, have managed to make the sport bring them money this way of using the complex of sport skills can be considered beneficial. Nowadays, the NASCAR drivers are amongst the richest athletes in the country. Turning sports into ones personal profitable work is a true art, so the NASCAR drivers have succeeded in utilizing their funny talent.Fourthly, the NASCAR drivers participate in a variety of races amongst which the NEXTEL Cup, the Busch Series and the Truck Series. In order to have an idea about the level of these competitions, it would be useful to analyze about the NEXTEL, for instance The NASCAR NEXTEL Cup Series is the sports highest level of professional competition. It is consequently the most popular and most profitable NASCAR series.The 2006 NEXTEL season consisted of 36 races over 10 months, with over $4 million in total prize money at stake at each race (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASCARNEXTEL_Cup, 2007). This mean, the NASCAR driv ers belong to the so-called high sports, as they participate in the national competitions.Finally, the NASCAR drivers observe the principles of fair competition. For instance, they do not use performance-enhancing drugs (McCormick, at http//nascar.about.com/od/drivers/a/nascarsteroids.htm, 2007) and tend to support the idea of the spirit of positive rivalry through following the rules of politeness and good tone in the relationships with other participants.Criticizing this argument, one can state that NASCAR races are not actually a sport, but rather a show with minor elements of competition. In this case, the accents are placed inaptly , as these races are a true competition in all aspects, but the modern mass-media have turned into a show, broadcasted by numerous TV-channels. In reality, the NASCAR is interested in maintaining its story and thus deals merely with professional sport rather than amateur shows .To sum up, the present paper successfully proves that NASCAR drivers are true athletes, as they meet the aforementioned criteria such as skillfulness, obedience to ethical codes, participation in racing and the corresponding competitions and use of their skills in the beneficial way The paper thus illustrates that a true athlete should possess not merely skills, but also high intelligence, ability to negotiate and make career in the field of sports as well as satisfactory inner moral culture.Works citedMcCormick, S. NASCAR Drivers Dont Use Performance Enhancing Drugs. 31 July 2007, Wikipedia. NASCAR. 17 July 2007, Wikipedia. Sport. 4 October 2006,

Some People Think That Convention in Our Society Obstruct Progress While Others Think That Taboos Help Maintain Social Harmony. Choose One Position and Support It with Evidence and Examples.

Chosen topic Some spate think that convention in our rules of order obstruct get along with while others think that taboos help maintain friendly harmony. Choose one position and support it with evidence and examples. As a endpoint of globalization, the world is getting smaller and smaller. Some people wipe out even said that the world has become a Global Village. With the integration of people coming from different financial, ethnic and mixer background, there are conflicts between interest groups.For example, the huge income disparity, large amount of new immigrants and the different point of views towards social issues may lead to a less harmious society. Apart from these, convention in a society may also be one of the factors affecting social harmony. Socialharmony is a more complexsocialpsychological phenomenon which is determined by the interactions amongsocialvalues, people, and society. People achievesocialharmonywhen they expression their values and desires are attai nable in society. (Ai Han, 2008, Building a Harmonious Society and Achieving Individual Harmony, para 1)Traditions might lead to unfairness to the overt. Take Hong Kong as an example, Hong Kong is a superstitious city and people care a lot about taboos and traditional practices. The pronunciation of the number, four, in Cantonese is similar to the pronunciation of death in Cantonese. Therefore Hong Kong people avoid saying four in happy or critical occasions. There is also a tradition of omitting certain (4th, fourteenth and 24th etc. ) levels in building in Hong Kong. At the same time, the pronunciation of eight is similar to the word of getting rich in Chinese. many luxury buildings were built in Hong Kong in recent years.Property agencies make use of Chineses mindsets to increase revenue. We can easily find that the 8th floor, the eighteenth or the 28th floor are always being sold at a more expensive price. This phenomenon has aroused public resentment. The general public believ es that price should not only be determined by the number of floors but also many other impacts that many property agencies did not keep into account. Such benignants of arguments do not only happen in Hong Kong but globally. From Asian to Western countries, there are always conflicts between conventions and the new enlightenment.The progress of might be hindered if we cannot relief the interests of different stakeh of age(p)s in an issue. Homosexuality was said to be a taboo. However, as reported by Bohan (1996), in reality, homosexual individuals manage to enjoy freedom of love and belong to social groups that support them. In aspects of religion, a number of religions (e. g. Christianity and Catholic) said that homosexuality was not acceptable because it violated the legitimate meaning of Gods creations. In traditional Asians eyes, they might even think homosexuality is an insult to their family and reputations.This topic is a shock for many of the older people in society or followers of religions. Both parties stand strong and do not appear to accept each others points of view. It is a topic that society had to deal with before achieving social harmony. Tragedies might occur when the convention clashes with the law or the value of society at that time. Chinese believe that having at least a son is essential for a family to continue their family lineage and to glorify their family. In Chinese history, people thought families that have no children or have daughters only was disrespectful to their ancestors.Since 1978, the Chinese Government has implemented the one-child-policy to control the soaring birth rate in China. Such kind of unfair law made many Chinese eager to have a male child directly. Barrett & Li (1999) pointed out that the problem of female infanticide and sex-selective spontaneous abortion became more common after One Child Policy was established. When they found that their child was a female, some of them may even abandon them, resulti ng in the change magnitude number of tragedies. At the same time, it has caused moral problem. Conventions sometimes hinder the balance of society and limit the development of society.Bengtson, Biblarz and Roberts (2002) reported that the family has traditionally been one of the most heavy sources of influence on childrens aspiration. Parents always have a thought that children would be more likely to success if they were professionals, in traditions thought, for example, doctors, lawyers, businessmen and accountants. They spent much effort and money on equipping their children. In reality, society does not only need these types of people but a novelty of skills. This kind of mindset has resulted in a bad social phenomenon so that many of the other industries (e. g. ulture, music and arts) cannot develop well and the social lacks a balance of strengths. With the aid of the above examples, it is shown that conventions will obstruct the progress of society. Conventions and traditio ns would hinder peoples creativities and impose limitations on society. We need a breakthrough. Try to analyse from a slight different perspective and we might find new inspirations that is beneficial to ourselves or even our society. At the end, social harmony can finally be attained. Reference list Ai, H. (2008). Building a Harmonious Society and Achieving Individual Harmony. Journal of Chinese Political Science, Vol. 3 Issue 2, p143-164. Retrieved on 23rd, October, 2012 from http//ehis. ebscohost. com/eds/ expound? sid=2f313359-d4a8-40f3-80e2-aaeb1112a54e%40sessionmgr114&vid=1&hid=101&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3ddb=aph&AN=35567271 Barrett. R. E. , & Li, F. (1999) Modern China (pp. 65). United States of America R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company. Bengtson, V. L. , Biblarz, T. K. , Robert R. E. L. , (2002). How Families Still Matter (pp. 60). United States of America Cambridge University Press. Bohan, J. S. (1996) Psychology and cozy Orientation (pp. 205). Great Brit ian Routledge.

An Analysis on Alfred Hitchcock and His Film Psycho Essay

In the rain shower scene in Alfred Hitchcocks movie, the amount of blood that flowed sack be considered in contemporary times as nothing short of artistry or a sense of tastefulness in the viewers under rest. However, during the 1960s, the shower scene is considered unreasonable or gratuitous, giving the scene the impression that it depicts too much unsolicited violence.For those who look upon the shower scene as one of Hitchcocks attempt of revolutionizing films, the scene can be treated as one that theorises the perception of the time in which the film was conceived. Appargonntly, the shower scene amongst the estimate of alarming scenes in the film further reflects the 1960s social upheaval that grew in the west, including the United States. Another violent scene in the movie is the one that showed emissary Milton Arbogast being slashed to a bloody death after he was pushed forward from the height of the stairs.The murder of the private detective in the movie Psycho, as wel l as the shower scene, can be taken to mean as two of the social upheavals that burst in the 1960s American society, revolutionizing the way in which movie scenes are crafted especially the way in which they portray violence, sexuality, and language. Hitchcock generally worked and directed movies that fall under the thriller genre by act upon upon formulaic movies his famed idiosyncratic touches. The manner in which Hitchcock worked as a crucial part of the filmmaking process largely contributed in propelling him to the status of an auteur.Hitchcock sluice ordered and manipulated the shade of blonde he was looking for in Grace Kellys hair in one of the films (Martin & Wikstrom, 2001, p. 20). What enabled Hitchcock to justify in the camera is his place of working out the details of the film in advance, which eventually corresponds to the unswervingly stumpy ratio of film really utilized in the finishing cut to the film shot during the entire shoot. Having worked out everything in advance, he worked quickly and economically. A minimal set of editing was the result of his working attitude, hence the termination cutting in the camera. The point that Hitchcock planned every detail in advance oftentimes led to bore him during the actual shooting of the film. To fend off languor in the course of the actual filming progression, he would customarily commence labor on the storyboards for his coming film project (Martin & Wikstrom, 2001, p. 21). When all the raise film-makersthose who were referred to as auteurs by the Cahiers du Cinema in 1955, before the term was distortedconcealed themselves behind various characters in their movies.Alfred Hitchcock achieved a real tour de wedge that established his status further as an auteur (Ray, 2001, p. 38). Hitchcocks most popular films include Vertigo, Psycho, Rear Window, and The Birds which reflected his story telling methods and skills which were renowned for their witty plots, intelligent dialogues and the coalesce nce of mystery and murder. With this respect, Hitchcocks name became commonly attributed to the thriller genre as he created revolutions in that aspect of filmmaking.Part of the reason to this, apart from the fact that it was the genre he centrally focused on, is his skill which he exhibits during the course of the film which can be observed in his treatment of the subject in line with the shots he utilizes and on how he is able to fuse them altogether (Truffaut & Scott, 2003, p. 346). One illustration to this is shown in one of his famed screen moments. The terrifying shower scene in the film Psycho featured 70 unique shots in just a matter of 1 minute.The numbers of shots were combined altogether in such(prenominal) a manner that one will find a difficult time seeking the distinction between the montage and the mise-en-scene (Nickens, 1995, p. 110). A considerable number of movies made by Hitchcock contained fleeting cameo appearances by the director himself such as a Hitchcock be ing seen for a brief period boarding a bus, standing in an apartment across the length of a courtyard, appearing in photographs in the scenes, or by simply crossing in front of an edifice.This seemingly playful act eventually became labeled as one of the Hitchcock signatures in films. Further, Hitchcock himself would carry a musical instrument in one of the scenes in the film as a recurring theme (Martin & Wikstrom, 2001, p. 23). The fact that these varied elements are included in the movies of Hitchcock signifies the fact that Hitchcock had a very huge bureau in the filmmaking process and that this monumental role extends his personality right into the theme of the movie.Since film producers have a significant trust on Hitchcock, he was able to freely include these elements either in a subtle or in an obvious manner. The constant inclusion of these personal elements in the many movies of Hitchcock eventually forge an image uniquely his own. Hence, it became inevitable that the m ovies highlighting these elements were immediately attributed to Hitchcock thereby creating the director-image of Hitchcock as an auteur (Sarris, 2002, p. 29).Considering all of the characteristics of Hitchcock, his crucial role in the movies he created, the inclusion of the elements in the movies which reflect his personality and lifestyle as well as the role of the scholars in carefully assessing his impact of his personal touches in the movies, it can be said that Hitchcock thus is an auteur in the strictest sense of the word. Although arguments can be raised against the role of the director as an auteur in the filming of the movies, it remains a fact that Hitchcock had an immense weighting of participation prior to, during , and even after the filmmaking process.Part of the arguments against it is the claim that several other factors must also be considered and the merit should not solely blend to the director. As with the case of the seemingly lesser roles in the movies, the collective efforts of all the participants excluding the participation of the director when combined altogether essentially posits a substantial coach in the creation of the film. In conclusion, the factors which are attributed to the delegation of the status of an auteur to Hitchcock should not be looked upon as a means to ignore the relative importance of the role of the rest of the crew involved in film production.Rather, the role of Hitchcock as an auteur should be noted as a form of a proper dresser in guiding the direction of the film. On the other hand, the distinction between an auteur and the other roles in the film production should be taken as an cozy relationship which defines the structure of the outcome of the movie. This is the point where Hitchcock himself leads the way not only as a director but also as the auteur. Not surprisingly, Alfred Hitchcock techniques are indeed innovative during his life where a considerable number of his films manifested his ingenuity i n the film industry.Especially in his film Psycho, Hitchcocks style in directing the film is manifested through his fitting use of musical scores and backgrounds in the proper timing and scene. His approach in Psycho manifest the fact that Hitchcock is only one of the few who was able to reshape the film industry and contribute significantly to its quality and style.ReferencesMartin, G. , & Wikstrom, P. (2001). Alfred Hitchcock and the Golden Days of Radio. In The Alfred Hitchcock Presents Companion (1st ed. , pp. 20-23) O T R Pub. Nickens, C. (1995).Psycho Behind the Scenes of the Classic Thriller (1st ed. ) Harmony. Ray, R. B. (2001). The Bordwell Regime and the Stakes of Knowledge. In How a Film Theory Got Lost and Other Mysteries in Cultural Studies (pp. 38-39). indium Indiana University Press. Sarris, A. (2002). The Auteur Theory Revisited. In V. W. Wexman (Ed. ), Film and Authorship (pp. 27-29). New Jersey Rutgers University Press. Truffaut, F. , & Scott, H. Hitchcocks Final Y ears. In 2003 (Ed. ), The Definitive Study of Alfred Hitchcock (Revised ed. , pp. 346). New York Gallimard.

Becoming Ecology: Changing Perspectives of the Human Habitat

Becoming EcologyPopulating in context of alone living things in clip and infinite, and the paradox of seeing habitat all around but entrance is denied through the valet de chambre concept of private belongings )Changing PositionsWe now operate an amodern fundamental law, where we must contextualize servicemans or culture, character or place or so any of the other noun chunks used to train and do world through the modernist fundamental law, as it all appears to be merely happenstances unifying and emerging ( Anderson, ) . We must accommodate the concepts that modern society has generated, with the world.Many writers stir attempted to depict their image of nature. Buijs ( 2009 ) described five images of nature wilderness, autonomic, inclusive, aesthetic and functional. The inclusive image refers to a nature that expresses peaceable coexistence with adult male and nature is regarded as beautiful. When humanity invents ( speaks ) itself extemporarily outside natures text, it ha s non, on a cardinal degree, at large nature, for it is and ever volition be a merchandise of nature ( Conesa-Sevilla, 2010 ) . This alienation from ecology has arisen from a long history of our being ostracised from the land, Jay Griffiths ( 2008 ) refers to John Bellers ( 1654-1725 ) remarks forests and great parks make the hapless that are upon them likewise much like Indians. Indeed Griffiths describes commonland as one time being a hinderance to industry. Worlds discombobulate become estranged from their ain being through the concepts nearly prevailing in the modern societies and it is now that positions of our ineluctable integrating into ecology are granted acknowledgment.Writers have tried to depict this dynamic holistic theory, making a advanced individuality for us all. The to a greater extent-than-human universe ( Abram, 1997 ) or the more than human kingdom ( Instone L 2014 ) and Gaia are portion of the new languaging initiate necessary to double up this universe o f affinitys into duologue. The duologue is grounded in ecology and Earth scientific disciplines, doctrine and evolutionary history. It alludes to something that is so inclusive, so emergent, so living, that it is overly infused in thaumaturgy and mythology. Relationship between people and environment is present in the most traditional of civilizations. Smohala and Black Elk represent a charming day-dream of nature, in the truest sense of the word magical. The strong belief that the universe is at that place to be communicated with, that it can be prayed to, that there can be a transactory relationship between people and their environment ( Roszak talk, 1971 referred to in Coope, 2010 ) .Deep ecology, social-ecology, ecopychology and many other watercourses of idea explore Nature connection and besides ecological literacy. Most explore workers are construing context and relationships in some manner so that we may do sense of or go cognizant of the universe. Our literacy of it, o ur languaging, our duologue is continuously going.The distract of utilizing the nomenclature is that no ecopsychologist has put forth a believable ( ie, widely accepted and testable ) operational definition of what connecting with nature is ( Conesa-Sevilla, 2010 ) . Conesa-Sevilla quoted Kull ( 1998 ) Like most people the ecospychologist enters the wonts oflanguaging, write others without due analysis and contemplation on what these words could intend.The duologue of connection and holistic integrating will go on to germinate but the significances will derive true acknowledgment as position and linguistic communication becomesintegrated action, when worlds as the more-than-human universe Begin to make things for common advantage, for the involvement of the meta-organism. Working as one, bing as one.The human is already recognized as meta-organism, of which many microbic species are working in mutualism, multiple species working in long-run mutualistic relationships. stall devel opment is inherently derived from symbiotic relationships ( see Margulis, Capra ) . Much of the ecology on Earth is symbiotic ( besides see Harding ) . In the walking radical methodological analysis in this research worlds are working as a meta-organism, construing the host landscapes. We eat together, research our milieus, we use multiple senses as a centripetal array to construe the universe, parts doing a whole. As mycelium works with the host environment and other beings, so is the walking group working in mutualism with the social-ecological landscape. There is an exchange of resources and information. When organisms work in mutualism or as meta-organism, we are inventing ways of co-habiting, of bring forthing healthy home ground.Exciting new ways of co-creating home ground, pass oning and working in mutualism among living things in the more than human kingdom, require thoughts to go action. When humans become agents in common relationships with each other and other species in home ground we are going ecosystem by individuality. Action takes on new relevancy, betterments to habitat go the function of the human-ecology mutualism.Furthermore when we are engaged in common action, co-habitation, we are needfully larning every bit good. As the ecosystem in action, we have to larn from what we have around us, continuously interacting with each other and construing the kineticss.It is evident that some topographic points as home ground are non peculiarly healthy. It is besides known that there exists proficient ability and familial diverseness from which ecosystems can be brought up to wellness.Nijhuiss et Al. ( 2011 ) described how the gait of land-use development has exceeded human evolutionary version, peculiarly with mention to agribusiness. They obligation that this is what fuels our temperament towards nature. However, possibly we are accommodating if we consider the finer landscapes in the Westcountry. It is seldom wild naturalness that we see in this pa rt, connection in this human influenced bio-region is to see a social-ecological system. It is besides more than Appletons prospect-refuge theory ( 1996 ) where a relationship to the perceived environment is comparable to an animate being to its home ground, assured by our opportunities of endurance. We like to see without being seen, we prefer landscapes that let us to conceal every bit good as to study the environment. Harmonizing to Appleton, likely those who fight that we have an unconditioned penchant towards nature conflate nature with flora. It is the flora, non the naturalness, which triggers congenital mental temperaments to like those landscapes. There is something more affectional and more holistic than a temperament towards flora at work here. It is more. The animate being and home ground are one in the same. It is experience, loggerheaded ecology emerges out of deep experience of nature ( Kumar, 2013 ) , and it is relationshipThe counterpoison to capitalist rationali sation is a new relationality, an empathic, animal and rational manner of associating that is profoundly concerted, enjoyable and meaningful ( Heller, 1999 ) this involves the more than human universe ( Heckert, 2010 ) .There is no ego without topographic point and no topographic point without self therefore it necessitates that we engage with landscape, our immediate support home ground, more readily, for mutualism, forourwellness.Griffiths wrote that enclosure crushed the liquors of the common people. For centuries communal carnivals were held on the parks. They were wild in character bawdry, exuberant, unfettered, they were a common natural state of the human spirit, which demented by claustrophobia, hates to be cooped up, enclosed, indoors ( Griffiths, 2008 ) . In this part we have a human altered landscape where portion or about all the home ground is in private owned. For us here we need to be symbiotic with other worlds to make the home ground that we have a temperament towa rds life in, viz. one that sustains us really efficaciously and where we are free to interact. We can non run into a temperament toward flora and diverseness, relationship and experience without going symbiotic, by larning to be in common relationship with the landscape.To handle the full country as home ground, as the ego, we have to entree as much of it as possible and cognize it good, acquaintance in order to do the home ground map for all. This does intend that we have to go Wilder more intuitive, as home ground and animate being, more active. Taking action with habitat rather literally means non waiting for top-down determination devising to better your universe for you. You work it out for yourself with your meta-organisms. If something is non right with home ground repair it or better it with other worlds, workss and animate beings. The option is to envelop the ego psychologically and physically in boundary lines, boundaries or boxes- leting yourself claustrophobia and smal l influence on how your home ground is making, which is barely relationship at all. That is non ecosystem in action. Human ecological-effort inventiveness and interaction, is the most immediate manner of taking action as an incorporate homo, as a more than human being.

Corporal punishment Essay

Introduction The performance of most entropy Afri provoke school days fluctuates from time to time. These fluctuation trends ar as a result of the micro-evolutionary mechanistic changes that consistently take place throughout the country. Some schools in the urban areas perform extremely well, but some(prenominal) perform poorly despite the available resources that the school have.For example some of these schools have laboratories that are highly functional and also well structured for experimental as well as practical work which enhances skills in learners and also intensifies the existing theoretical k without delayledge that the learners have, whereas in schools geographically featured in away areas or should I say rural schools, these resources are scarce. Privileged learners in these schools (urban) do not utilize these resources appropriately. Most learners in rural areas come from truly disadvantaged homes and go to disadvantaged schools.However, the performance in som e of these schools is satisfactory. Some learners academically excel irrespective of the harsh conditions they have to encounter on a daily basis. These Ex cubicleencies are facilitated by educators, parents/guardians or community members who act as steering in the learning environment. Educators in these schools sympathize with their learners and thus dedicate themselves in everything they do which effectively enhance as well make active the mindset of learners irrespective of their spectral backgrounds.We often hear of these educators who play such hypercritical roles in learners academic life in newspapers, community radio stations and also on televisions. Some of the work of these educators may not be globally recognized but the outcomes are truly appreciated in the South African context. Distinction between resiliency and excellence The comeback from form unfavourable conditions due to environmental factors is referred to as resilience. Generally resilience according to Akhu rst and Sader, 2012 is the process of recovering quickly from misfortune or illness.If resilience was to be explained in scientific terms It can be explained as follows, lets consider a typical plant cell and escort what happens when you place it in a saturated solution( solution containing an excessive amounts of solutes) , the plant cell shrinks, becomes smaller in size and temporarily lose form and shape. During the process, its confine are rearranged, altered and functionality ceases to operate. When you take the same plant cell and place it in pure water, the cell regains its contents and gets restored back to its original form.The plant cell does not die because there is a resilient force which prevents it from total annihilation. The plant cell stays dormant until its physiological conditions get restored. Similarly in the context of resilience in schools, some schools are able to overcome the barriers associated with learning and continue with the production of good result s irrespective of external factors. excellence in simple terms can be described as the ability to do well or the production of positive outcomes. Excellence in schools can be assessed differenty depending on the schools primary purpose.For example schools that do well in mathematics regard themselves as beingness excellent whereas schools that perform well in Speech and drama also regards themselves also as being excellent. So in actual fact, the description of the excellent depends on the desired outcomes of that particular context. Excellence in schools Resilience in Relation to Excellence Corporal punishment was another way of shaping learners, that mischiveously stood on the way pathway of learners with the willingness to perform to upraise outstanding results. (Christie, P, 2001, p52).Even though this is very unlawful, meetings based on corporal punishments are first discussed with the parents/guardians of the learners before a decision is taken. Some learners parents/guardi ans agrees, specifically those with childrens from black schools. The reason why they (parents) permit educators to give corporal punishment is simply because they were raised in a similar way which in a way instilled good discipline and also helped them to be responsible individuals. Some parents still believe that abandoning corporal punishment by the government is the reason why learners perform poorly in their subjects at school.However, according to Christie, 2012, the banning of corporal punishment could not be the reason for poor performance in South African schools, because no evidence was gathered in the apartheid era. Some resilient learners were greatly aspired by pupils in the community, these included church, and community services. This is true, for example in my elusion after trying to give on school . i. e. at high school, some grown up folks that lived in the same neighbourhood as me, folks that i used to hang up with and take drugs encouraged and told me that drop ping out of school was not an option for a person who truly wants to be successful in life.At first when they said this, i questioned them about why did they drop out at standard 8 and 9, today known as grade 10 and 11 respectively? Unfortunately these guys did history while still at school and the response they gave was a quotation from former S. A president, Nelson Mandela, which stated that A 70 year old can never think like a 30 year old, and being 70 years of age gives you the licence and priviledge that the 30 year old can never have. The second quotation they gave was from Malcom X, which stated that,The future belongs to those who forge for it today.Well at that stage all of this was meaningless to me as a science learner, but after being triggered by a discourse I had with one of my EDPD610 colleague (Ms Moodley) during the first contact session, I started to realise the in depth meaning that these guys were trying to convey to me 11 years ago. Conditions at that time for me were unfavourable, both mom and dad were uneducated, consumed liquor and I had to watch my father beat my mother almost every weekend, the home turned into a gladiator ring with my elder brother and I as the referees.I was good in mathematics and science at grade 8, but when I reached grade 10, the performance started to deteriorate because I started to take drugs and abandoned my soccer training in the afternoons. I joined wrong friends and isolated myself from my primary school buddies. Unfortunately one of my science teachers, Mrs S Padayachee detected the problem and confronted me directly. I received help, woke up and dusted myself, but it was too late for me to catch up with the real(a) covered in grade 12. I ended passing with bad symbols and decided to repeat my matric.After repeating, I passed with good symbols, enrolled for Bsc degree at UKZN, graduated, and now im a science educator, with less than a year experience. Generally I feel revived, resurrected, and rest ored and have this immense power of wanting to perforate knowledge to South African learners. I managed to excel academically despite the repulsive forces that acted upon me, I managed to excel in overcoming my negative thoughts, I managed to excel in making my family proud of me because im the only person in the family to reach matric and have a degree.Best practices of teachers resilience in their schools Conclusion References 1) http//web. uvic. ca/hr/managertoolkit/changeandtransition/takingchargechange. pdf( date accessed 13/03/13) 2) Botha ,R. J(2004). Excellence in leadership The demands the professional school pricinple. Retrieved 08 March 13, 2013http//www. ajol. info/index. php/saje/article/viewFile/24995/20678 3) Christie,P. (2001). modify school quality in South Africa a study of schools that have succeeded against the odds. Journal of Education , 41,45,52 4) Hattie, J (2003). Teachers make a difference what is the research eveidence.

Economic Development In Urban Areas

Economic change has attended lead America into urban crisis for the following reasons. First of all, because urban problems argon no longer confined to the inner city, entirely ar regional in nature. The federal government has, also, largely drawn from the urban policy argonna, t presentby having cities and sates to develop their own solutions to local problems. Further much(prenominal), the economy of cities is no longer organized around a central business district, but is dispersed throughout a metropolitan region.Next, the national economy has experienced a fundamental reorganization and many cities concord experienced the direct cause of deindustrialization and disinvestments. Additionally, the fiscal crisis within the public sector is unprecedented and has seriously negative effects for the provision of services at all levels of government. Finally, the nature of kick the bucket itself has changed within cities as more women enter the labor market the changing nature of work has affected the urban family in many courses, many of which have direct ramifications for social welfare and family policies.There is a great amount of inequality of income in some cities. Most of the those who fall bellow the poverty line are Afri send word Americans and Hispanics. This is because they are placed in low paying jobs. As more and more people immigrate into the country, there are less and less jobs to go around. This creates a larger poverty gap. People just coming here to America are placed in very low-income jobs. This is all they can get if they dont speak any English. For example, here at rider the cleaning people are all Spanish.They dont speak any English, and their job is to be the cleaning crew. These are the only types of jobs that these people can get most of the cartridge clip, and this makes our percentage of people who are in poverty go up. Another problem that is contributing to the urban crisis is the rise of single- recruit families and presen t-orientated values. The problem here is that the divorce rate in America is getting higher and higher, and also the amount of children being had out of marriage is greatly increasing also.This creates one parent raising a child. The problem here is that there is no proper care for children in this situation. The parent has too much responsibility. They are to provide for the family, as well as adequately care for their children. When the single parent has to go to work, to get money to pay for a place to live, food, and clothing, there leaves no time to watch and take care of the children, meaning children are left to take care of themselves after school is over, and this results in a lot of problems for the communities.These children cause trouble. They are the ones who commit most crimes in an urban environment. This is why in an urban city there is a lot more crime. There are a lot of children left unsupervised for most of the day and night. Another problem is the ethnic tension s that there are in America. There are many things that are wrong with this. The first problem is that because of racism, people are secluded. They are pushed to all live together, because people dont want to live next to them. This is how a ghetto is started, and slums.All the people of low incomes live in the same neighborhood together. They also contain the high crime rates because these are the people who are also of single parent families and their children are left unsupervised. Another problem with racism is that people are given lower paying jobs because of their race, and also, they arent sufficient to have to same amount of experience as other people. They dont go to as good of schools, and they then might not be able to go to college, so they are stuck.They can only get a low paying job. This creates families to be stuck in poverty for generations, they can neer get out, unless with government assistance of some sort. Then this makes the inner cities all full of low-inc ome families, and creates a poverty stricken area that cannot be fixed in any way. If there were more integration within neighborhoods, then we wouldnt have these areas. Another reason why urban America is in crisis is because of the subsurface urban economy. This also causes a lot of crime in urban cities.The people in these cities who are poor, and are trying to find a way out, usually try by doing something misbranded. A big example of this is drug sale. People start merchandising drugs to get money. This creates a lot of problems. The selling of illegal materials results in murders, and robberies, to either get the drugs, pay for the drugs, or avoid getting caught selling them. Another example of this is people stealing things, like car parts, and selling it on the black market. All of these illegal acts constantly result in something that makes the cities look worse and worse to live in.I know that when I go into Trenton I am really afraid, because I know that there is a rea lly high amount of crime there, and I am always thinking that someone is going to try to shoot me for my car, rob a store that I am in, or something else. Stereotypes of cities are easily created, and this doesnt help the situation. Also, the advancement in technology has lead many people to be left without jobs. This technology had created more unskilled labor, and putted skilled labor to a minimum. People, who had been specialists at doing certain skilled work, are constantly being replaced by machines that can do the same work faster and cheaper.This creates a huge economy gap. It makes the fat get richer and the poor get poorer, by giving all the money from the profit of sales to the company owners, rather than to employees. So, the people who were already well off, have even more money, and those people who were middle class citizens are now jobless, and can not afford to take care of their families. The problem here is obvious, the more jobs that are lost because people are r eplaced by machines, the greater the amount of people who become in poverty. The numbers keep increasing.

Cross Cultural Values and Ethics Essay

The terms gamey linguistic condition and first gear context were first employ by Edward Hall and they are used to beg off the underlying cultural differences between societies. In high context cultures, a lot of the information is either internalized in an individual or it is in the physical context. This operator that in this form of culture nonverbal messages are more important than the verbal messages. In addition, the commonwealth in high context cultures share a form of closeness which is due to their shared experiences. somewhat of the societies with high context communication are Korea, China and Japan.On the other hand, in low context cultures messages that are verbal are usually highly specific in addition to being elaborate. verbal messages also tend to be very detailed. Some of the societies with low context communication include Switzerland, linked States and Germany. There are several differences between high context and low context communications. One of these is that in low context communication messages are best passed by words (verbal) than by nonverbal methods. On the other hand, in high context communication the messages are best passed by nonverbal factor than by words.Another difference is that in low context communication the verbal message is direct. On the other hand, in high context communication the verbal message is indirect and communication is naturalized by talking around a point. Another difference is that high context communication is used in well established relationships especially where spate prolong been relating for long. On the other hand low context communication is used among people who have short durations of contact. 2. Explain how World War II changed wowork forces labor force participation.World War II changed womens participation in the workforce. To get off with, at that time most of the women stayed at home and held no paying jobs and this is because this was a preserve of men. even so with the World War II men were deployed in the military and this created a shortage of workers especially at a time when workers were desperately needed particularly for production of war equipments. Women who could not previously be employed as culture placed men in the workforce and women at home were adequate to get jobs.This led to an increase in the number of women who were in the workforce. Another thing is that women who were already in the workforce and who had been holding traditionally female jobs such as clerical jobs were able to switch to high paying jobs which were previously considered a preserve of men. Clearly, the World War II was a b littleing in disguise to women. They were able to overcome culture and discover the great potential in them by holding jobs that were traditionally reserved for men.No doubt that this proved to women that they have capability to achieve just uniform men and it changed the position of women in the workforce. 3. Explain Hofstedes masculinity- muli ebrity dimension and the behavioral expectations set for each gender. The Hofstedes dimension of masculinity/femininity focuses on the emphasis the society places on nurture and achievement. mate to the dimension, femininity emphasizes sexuality equality, caring and nurturing, and environmental awareness. On the other hand, masculinity emphasizes wealth acquisition, distinct gender roles, and ambition.According to this dimension, in that respect are set behavioral expectations for each gender. The behavioral expectations depend on context. For example when it comes to governance and economics, men are expected to solve conflict through with(predicate) force as well as priotize economic growth. On the other hand, women are supposed to priotize environmental protection and solve conflicts by negotiation. When it comes to affable norms, men are supposed to be ego oriented and so they should focus on attaining capital and things as these would boost their ego.As for women, they s hould be relationship oriented and so they should focus on people and quality of life. When it comes to work, men should show preference for higher wages while the women should show preference for less working hours because of their other responsibilities. When it comes to matters of education especially school performance, men are expected to consider failing as a disaster while women should consider failing as a minor accident. On matters of religion, religion should be very important to men while to women religion should not be a very important aspect of life.4. List and describe the 6 similarities across all religions. As frequently as there are differences across the different religions in the world, there exists several similarities. One of these is the effect in divinity which is accorded names such as Allah, Krishna, and God. In all religions there is the belief that there is a being that is divine and which is above the man. Another law of similarity is the belief that i t is possible for man to advance with divinity through actions such as prayers, sacrifices and meditation.Another atomic number 53 of the similarities is the belief that man requires help in order for him to communicate with the divinity and that is why mediators such as prophets, apostles, and holy men are move by the divinity to men. Another similarity is the use of sacred scriptures which provides sacred wisdom which is transmitted from one generation to the other for propagation of the religious beliefs. The religions believe that the scriptures have a divine origin. Another similarity across religions is the performance of rituals and these are meant to bring man close to divinity.The last similarity lies in hypothesis where people across all religions, from their birth to their death ask similar questions and are faced by many similar challenges and uncertainties about life. 5. Who are the Mosuo people? How is their personal manner of living different from the United Stat es, explain 3 significant contrasts between both societies. Mosuo people are people who belong to a trivial ethnic group that lives in the Sichuan and Yunnan provinces in China. These people have unique cultural practices which make their way of life very different from that of United States.One of the most significant contrasts is that among the Mosuo people lineage is traced through the female side. This is unlike in United States where people trace their lineages through their fathers side. This style that if one does not know their father but knows their mother they have a belonging and and then cannot face stigmatization. Another contrast lies in the fact that unlike in US where the man is the qualifying of the family, among the Mosuo the woman is the head of a family. The female elder in a family handles the family matters such as delegate of duties and management of money.She has absolute power. This is unheard of in US where men are the head of their families and would not agree to be headed by a woman as it would hurt their ego. Another significant contrast is seen when it comes to marriage. Among the Mosuo people, they have what is called walking marriages. Unlike in US where people marry, live unitedly and bear children which they raise together, among the Mosuo men and women who are in love and are having sexual relations do not live together and any children born out of the relationship belong to the womans family.

Spirit Bound Chapter Five

I DECIDED ITD BE better if Lissa and I stayed up late when we returned to her room, po coarse number over the documents. She was a jumble of feelings when I told her approximately my encounter with Mikhailwhich I hadnt mentioned to Mia. Lissas initial reaction was surprise, moreover in that respect were some other things too. Fear over the trouble I could stir gotten into. A bit of warm romanticism over what both Mikhail and I were go step to the foreing to do for those we loved. applaud if she would do the same if Christian were in that situation. She decided instantly that she would her love for him was becalm that strong. Then she told herself that she genuinely didnt cargon ab let on him any more, which I would have found annoying if I wasnt so distracted.Whats wrong? she acquireed.Id sighed obstreperously in dismay without realizing it while I read her thoughts. non wanting her to know Id been perusing her mind, I pointed at the document spread out on her bed. Ju st attempt to garner sense of this. non only in all(a) that far off from the truth.The prisons layout was complex. The cells occupied two floors and were tiny moreover one prisoner per cell. The papers didnt excuse why, precisely the reason was obvious. It went along with what Abe had said near(predicate) keeping criminals from turning Strigoi. If Id been locked a commission in prison for years, I could understand the temptation of cracking and killing my roommate to become Strigoi and escape. The cells were also unp littleed housed in the very center of the building, surrounded by guards, offices, exercise rooms, a kitchen, and a feeders room. The documents explained guard rotations, as well as prisoner feeding schedules. They were apparently escorted to the feeders one at a time, heavily guarded, and solely everyowed very short spurts of blood. Again, everything kept the prisoners weak and prevented them from turning Strigoi.It was whole good information, barely I had no reason to believe any of it was up-to-date, since the file was five years old. It was also comparablely the prison had all sorts of new surveillance equipment in focalize. Probably the only things we could count on creation the same were the prisons mending and the buildings layout.How good are you feeling about your charm-making skills? I asked Lissa.Although she hadnt been able to put as much inspirit healing into my ring as a woman I knew named Oksana could, I had noticed my darkness-induced temper soothed a little. Lissad do a ring for Adrian too, though I couldnt say for sure if it was what was helping him control his vices deepvices he usually indulged in to control spirit.She shrugged and rolled over onto her digest. Exhaustion filled her, but she was trying to stay awake for my sake. Getting better. Wish I could meet Oksana.Maybe someday, I said vaguely. I didnt think Oksana would ever leave Siberia. Shed run off with her protector and treasured to keep a low prof ile. Besides, I didnt want Lissa over there anytime concisely afterward my ordeals. Have you been able to put in anything besides healing? A moment by and by, I answered my own oral sex. Oh, right. The spoon.Lissa grimaced, but it turned into a yawn. I dont think it worked so well.Hmm.Hmm?I glanced back at the blueprints. Im thinking if you could make a few more compulsion charms, it would go a long way to help with this. We fatality to make people retard what we want them to see. Surely if Victorwhose powers of compulsion were nowhere near hershad managed a lust charm, she could do what I necessary. She just takeed more practice. She understood the basic principles but had trouble making her desired personal effects last. The only problem was that in a unclotheg her to do this, I was making her use more spirit. regular(a) if the side effects didnt leaven up right away, they would likely come back to haunt her in the future.She glanced at me curiously, but when I saw her yawn again, I told her not to worry about it. Id explain tomorrow. She offered no argument, and after a quick hug, we each retired to our own beds. We werent going to get much sleep, but we had to get what we could. Tomorrow was a big day.Id half-hearted a variation of the guardians formal raw-and-white turnout when I went to Victors trial. In normal bodyguard situations, we wore ordinary clothes. plainly for fancy events, they wanted us spirit crisp and professional. The morning after our daring break-in, I got my first true taste of guardian fashion.Id worn hand-me-down clothes at Victors trial but now had an official guardian outfit, tailored on the nose to my measurements straight-legged black slacks, a white button-up blouse, and a black dress jacket that fit me perfectly. It certainly wasnt meant to be sexy, but the way it hugged my stomach and hips did good things for my body. I mat up satisfied with my reflection in the mirror, and after several handsomes of thought, I pulled my bull into a neatly braided bun that showed off my molnija marks. The skin was still irritated, but at least the bandage was gone. I sprightlinessed very professional. I was actually variety show of reminded of Sydney. She was an Alchemista human who worked with Moroi and dhampirs to hide the existence of vampires from the world. With her proper sense of fashion, she always looked ready for a personal line of credit meeting. I kept wanting to send her a briefcase for Christmas.If ever there was a time for me to show off, today was the day. After the trials and graduation, this was the next biggest step in becoming a guardian. It was a luncheon that all new grads attended. Moroi eligible for new guardians would also attend, hoping to scope out the candidates. Our scores from school and the trials would have been made public knowledge by now, and this was a chance for Moroi to meet us and put in bids for who they wanted to guard them. Naturally, most guests would be au gust, but a few other important Moroi would also qualify.I right skilfuly had no interest in showing off and hooking a posh family. Lissa was the only one I wanted to guard. Still, I had to make a good impression. I essential to make it clear that I was the one who should be with her.She and I walked over to the violet ballroom together. It was the only place large enough to hold us all, since more than just St. Vladimirs grads were in attendance. All the American schools had displace their new recruits, and for a moment, I found the sea of black and white dizzying. Bits of colorroyals dressed up in their finest clothinglivened the palette up a little. Around us, soft watercolor murals made the walls come along to glow. Lissa hadnt worn a ball gown or anything, but she looked very elegant in a formfitting teal dress made of raw silk.The royals mingled with the social ease theyd been raised with, but my classmates moved about uneasily. No one seemed to mind. It wasnt our byplay to seek out others we would be approached. The grads all wore name tagsengraved metal ones. There were no HELLO, MY NAME IS stickers here. The tags made us identifiable so that the royals could come and do their interrogations.I didnt expect anyone except my acquaintanceships to talk to me, so Lissa and I headed straight for the buffet and then occupied a quiet corner to munch on our canapes and caviar. Well, Lissa ate caviar. It reminded me too much of Russia.Adrian, of course, sought us out first. I gave him a crooked grin. What are you doing here? I know you arent eligible for a guardian.With no concrete plans for his future, it was assumed Adrian would simply live at Court. As such, hed need no outside security departmentthough hed certainly qualify if he chose to strike out into the world.True, but I could hardly throw off a party, he said. He held a glass of champagne in his hand, and I wondered if the effects of the ring Lissa had given him were wearing off. Of course, t he occasional drink really wasnt the end of the world, and the dating proposals language had been loose in that area. It was mostly the smoking I wanted him to stay away from. Have you been approached by a 12 hopeful people?I shook my head. Who wants reckless Rose Hathaway? The one who drops out without warning to do her own thing?Plenty, he said. I sure do. You kicked ass in the battle, and remembereveryone thinks you went off on some Strigoi-killing spree. Some might think its worth your crazy personality.Hes right, a voice suddenly said. I looked up and saw Tasha Ozera standing near us, a weeny smile on her disfigure face. In spite of the disfigurement, I thought she looked beautiful todaymore royal than Id ever seen her. Her long black hair gleamed, and she wore a navy skirt and lacy tank top. She even had on high heels and jewellerysomething I was certain Id never seen her wearing.I was happy to see her I hadnt known shed come to Court. An grotesque thought occurred to me. Have they finally let you have a guardian? The royals had a lot of quiet, civilized ways of shunning those who were in disgrace. In the Ozeras case, their guardian allotment had been cut in half as kind of a punishment for what Christians parents had done. It was to exaltedy unfair. The Ozeras deserved the same rights as any other royal family.She nodded. I think theyre hoping itll shut me up about Moroi fighting with dhampirs. Kind of a bribe.One you wont fall down for, Im sure.Nope. If anything, itll just give me someone to practice with. Her smile faded, and she cast uncertain looks among us. I hope you wont be offended but I put in a request for you, Rose.Lissa and I exchanged blow out of the water glances. Oh. I didnt know what else to say.I hope theyll give you to Lissa, Tasha added hastily, clearly uncomfortable. But the queen seems pretty dead-set on her own choices. If thats the caseIts okay, I said. If I cant be with Lissa, then I really would rather be with you. It was the truth. I wanted Lissa more than anyone else in the world, but if they kept us apart, then Id absolutely favour Tasha to some snobby royal. Of course, I was pretty sure my odds of acquiring delimitateed to her were as unsound as those of getting assigned to Lissa. Those who were angry at me for running off would go out of their way to put me in the most unpleasant situation possible. And even if she was being granted a guardian, I had a feeling Tashas preferences wouldnt be high priority either. My future was still a big question mark.Hey, exclaimed Adrian, offended that I hadnt named him as my second choice.I shook my head at him. You know theyd assign me to a woman anyway. Besides, youve got to do something with your life to earn a guardian.I meant it jokingly, but a small frown made me think I might have actually hurt his feelings. Tasha, meanwhile, looked relieved. Im glad you dont mind. In the meantime, Ill do what I can to help you two. She rolled her eyes. Not that my opinion counts for much.Sharing my misgivings about getting assigned to Tasha seemed pointless. Instead, I started to thank her for the offer, but we were then joined by yet another visitor Daniella Ivashkov. Adrian, she chastised gently, a small smile on her face, you cant keep Rose and Vasilisa all to yourself. She turned to Lissa and me. The queen would like to see you both.Lovely. We both stood up, but Adrian remained sitting, having no desire to visit his aunt. Tasha apparently didnt either. Seeing her, Daniella gave a curt, polished nod. Lady Ozera. She then walked away, assuming wed follow. I found it ironic that Daniella seemed willing to accept me but still held that typical aloof Ozera-prejudice. I guess her niceness only went so far.Tasha, however, had long since grown resistive to that sort of treatment. Have fun, she said. She looked over at Adrian. More champagne?Lady Ozera, he said proudly, you and I are two minds with a single thought.I hesitated before following Lissa to Tatiana. Id taken in Tashas grand appearance but only now really paid attention to something. Is all your jewelry silver-tongued? I asked.She ab movemindedly touched the opal necklace around her neck. Her fingers were adorned with three rings. Yes, she said, confused. Why?This is going to sound really weird well, maybe not compared to my normal weirdness. But could we, um, borrow all of those?Lissa shot me a look and immediately guessed my motives. We needed more charms and were short on silver. Tasha arched an eyebrow, but like so many of my friends, she had a remarkable ability to roll with weird ideas.Sure, she said. But can I give them to you later? I dont really want to strip my jewelry in the middle of this party.No problem.Ill have them sent to your room.With that settled, Lissa and I walked over to where Tatiana was surrounded by admirers and those wanting to suck up. Daniella had to be mistaken in locution Tatiana wanted to see both of us. The memory of her yell ing at me over Adrian still burned in my head, and dinner at the Ivashkovs hadnt fooled me into thinking the queen and I were suddenly best friends.Yet, astonishingly, when she caught sight of Lissa and me, she was all smiles. Vasilisa. And Rosemarie. She beckoned us closer, and the group parted. I approached with Lissa, my steps tentative. Was I going to get yelled at in preceding of all these people?Apparently not. There were always new royals to meet, and Tatiana first introduced Lissa to all of them. Everyone was curious about the Dragomir princess. I was introduced as well, though the queen didnt go out of her way to sing my praises as she did Lissas. Still, being acknowledged at all was incredible.Vasilisa, said Tatiana, once the formalities were finished, I was thinking you should visit Lehigh soon. Arrangements are being made for you to go in, oh, maybe a week and a half. We thought it would be a nice treat for your birthday. Serena and Grant will accompany you, naturally, and Ill send a few others. Serena and Grant were the guardians who had replaced Dimitri and me as Lissas future protection. Of course theyd be going with her. Then, Tatiana said the most startling thing of all. And you can go too, if youd like, Rose. Vasilisa could hardly celebrate without you.Lissa lit up. Lehigh University. The lure that had made her accept a life at Court. Lissa yearned for as much knowledge as she could get, and the queen had given her a chance at it. The prospect of a visit totally filled her with eagerness and excitementespecially if she could celebrate her eighteenth birthday there with me. It was enough to distract her from Victor and Christian, which was saying something.Thank you, Your Majesty. Thatd be great.There was a strong possibility, I knew, that we might not be around for this scheduled visitnot if my plan for Victor worked. But I didnt want to check Lissas happinessand I could hardly mention it in this royal crowd. I was also kind of stunned that Id been invited at all. After issuing the invite, the queen said nothing else to me and go on speaking with the others around her. Yet, shed been pleasantfor her, at leastwhile addressing me, just as she had at the Ivashkov home. Not best-friend nice but certainly not raving-bitch insane, either. Maybe Daniella had been right.More pleasantries followed as everyone chatted and tried to impress the queen, and it soon became clear that I was no longer needed. Glancing around the room, I found someone I needed to talk to and meekly separated myself from the group, knowing Lissa could fend for herself.Eddie, I called, reaching the other side of the ballroom. completely at last.Eddie Castile, a longtime friend of mine, grinned when he saw me. He too was a dhampir, tall with a long, narrow face that still had a cute, boyish look to it. He had tamed his dark, sandy-blond hair for a change. Lissa had once hoped Eddie and I would date, but he and I were strictly just friends. His best frie nd had been Mason, a sweet guy whod been crazy about me and who had been murdered by Strigoi. After his death, Eddie and I had pick out protective attitudes toward each other. Hed later been kidnapped during the attack at St. Vladimirs, and his experiences had made him a serious and determined guardiansometimes a little too serious. I wanted him to have more fun and was delightful to see the happy glint in his hazel eyes now.I think every royal in the rooms been trying to bribe you, I teased. It wasnt entirely a romp. Id been keeping an eye on him passim the party, and thered always been someone with him. His record was stellar. Surviving the awful events in his life might have scarred him, but they reflected well on his skills. He had great grades and ratings from the trial. Most importantly, he didnt have my reckless reputation. He was a good catch.Kind of seems that way. He laughed. I didnt really expect it.Youre so modest. Youre the hottest thing in this room.Not compared to you.Yeah. As shown by the people lining up to talk to me. Tasha Ozeras the only one who wants me as far as I know. And Lissa, of course.Lines of thought creased Eddies face. Could be worse.It will be worse. No way will I get either of them.We fell silent, and a sudden anxiety filled me. Id come to ask a favor of Eddie, and it no longer seemed like a good idea. Eddie was on the verge of a shining career. He was a loyal friend, and Id been certain hed help with what I needed but I suddenly didnt think I could ask. Like Mia, however, Eddie was observant.Whats wrong, Rose? His voice was concernedthat protective nature impel in.I shook my head. I couldnt do it. Nothing.Rose, he said warningly.I looked away, unable to meet his eyes. Its not important. Really. Id find another way, someone else.To my surprise, he reached out to touch my chin and tip my head back up. His gaze caught mine, allowing no escape. What do you need?I stared at him for a long time. I was so selfish, risking the li ves and reputations of friends I cared about. If Christian and Lissa werent on the outs, Id be asking him, too. But Eddie was all that was left to me.I need something something thats pretty extreme.His face was still serious, but his lips tugged into a wry smile. Everything you do is extreme, Rose.Not like this. This is well, its something that could ruin everything for you. Get you in big trouble. I cant do that to you.That half smile vanished. It doesnt matter, he said fiercely. If you need me, Ill do it. No matter what it is.You dont know what it is.I trust you.Its kind of illegal. Treasonous, even.That took him aback for a moment, but he stayed resolute. Whatever you need. I dont care. Ive got your back. Id saved Eddies life twice, and I knew he meant what he said. He felt indebted to me. He would go wherever I asked, not out of romantic love, but out of friendship and loyalty.Its illegal, I repeated. Youd have to sneak out of Court tonight. And I dont know when wed be back. It was entirely possible that we wouldnt come back. If we had a run-in with prison guards well, they might take lethal measures to do their duty. It was what all of us had trained for. But I couldnt pull this breakout off with Lissas compulsion alone. I needed another fighter at my back.Just tell me when.And that was all there was to it. I didnt tell him the full extent of our plan, but I gave him that nights rendezvous location and told him what he would need to bring. He never questioned me. He said hed be there. New royals came to talk to him just then, and I left him, knowing hed show up later. It was hard, but I pushed aside my unrighteousness over possibly endangering his future.Eddie arrived, just as hed promised, when my plan unfolded later that night. Lissa did too. Again, night meant broad daylight. I felt that same anxiety I did when wed sneaked around with Mia. Light exposed everything, but then, most people were asleep. Lissa, Eddie, and I still moved through the Courts grounds as covertly as we could, meeting Mikhail in a section of the compound that held all sorts of garaged vehicles. The garages were big metal, industrial-looking buildings set on the fringes of Court, and no one else was out.We slipped into the garage hed indicated last night, and I was relieved to find no one else there. He surveyed the three of us, looking surprised at my strike team, but he offered no questions and made no further attempts to join us. More guilt surged up within me. Here was someone else who was risking his future for me.Gonna be a tight fit, he mused.I forced a smile. Were all friends here.Mikhail didnt laugh at my joke but instead popped the trunk of a black Dodge Charger. He wasnt kidding about the tight fit. It was a newer one, which was kind of a shame. An older model would have been bigger, but guardians only kept top-of-the-line stuff around. erst were far enough away, Ill pull over and let you out, he said.Well be fine, I assured him. Lets do this.Lis sa, Eddie, and I crawled into the trunk. Oh God, muttered Lissa. I hope no ones claustrophobic.It was like a bad game of Twister. The trunk was large enough for some luggage but not intended for three people. We were squeezed together, and personal space was nonexistent. We were all up close and personal. Satisfied we were all snug, Mikhail closed the trunk and darkness engulfed us. The engine started a jiffy later, and I felt the car move.How long until you think we stop? asked Lissa. Or die from carbon monoxide inebriety?We havent even left the Court yet, I noted. She sighed.The car drove off, and not too long afterward, we came to a stop. Mikhail must have reached the gates and been chatting with the guards. Hed told me earlier that hed come up with some excuse or other to run an errand, and we had no reason to believe the guards would question him or search the car. The Court wasnt worried about people sneaking out, like our school had been. The biggest concern here was people getting inside.A minute passed, and I uneasily wondered if there was a problem. Then the car moved again, and all three of us exhaled in relief. We picked up speed, and after what I suspected was a mile or so, the car veered athwart and came to a stop. The trunk popped open, and we spilled out of it. Id never been so grateful for fresh air. I got in the passenger seat beside Mikhail, and Lissa and Eddie took the back. Once we were settled, Mikhail continued driving without another word.I allowed myself a few more moments of guilt over the people Id involved but then let it go. It was too late to worry now. I also let go of my guilt about Adrian. He would have been a good ally, but I could hardly ask for his help in this.And with that, I settled back and turned my thoughts to the job before us. It would take us about an hour to get to the airport, and from there, the three of us were off to Alaska.