Expository/Persuasive Writing: Romeo & Juliet Essay

Is Romeo & Juliet still relevant to a modern audience? Romeo and Juliet’s story is still relevant today, as people in society and religion have similar experiences with what they went through. For example: -Gang warfare (Capulet vs Montague) -Strength of love (Romeo & Juliet) -Strength of friendship (Romeo & Mercutio). Don’t you agree? Romeo and Juliet is a play that shows how prejudice leads to escalating violence, In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare teaches that families can divide a relationship. It took both families the deaths of their own children to realize the family feud had to be ended immediately. The two key factors of this message: Love is blind Vengeance never ends well. ‘Romeo and Juliet were silly kids who asked for trouble and got it’ is this fair to say? Was this Love or Stupidity? It was love alright. Love at its purest and most intense. I think that’s why Shakespeare chose such young people to be the lovers. And yes, they’re stupid. Young love often is. Unfortunately for Romeo and Juliet, they die before they get wiser, or more disillusioned. What lessons can we learn from Romeo and Juliet? We can learn that Romantic love can be beautiful and ennobling, Passion Can Overtake Reason and Common Sense, Immaturity and inexperience can lead to tragic endings, Judge People by their character and personal qualities, not by their name or social standing and Innocent children sometimes pay for the sins of their parents.

Genetically Modified Foods One World Essay

Genetically Modified Foods One World Essay Did you know that we’ve been eating genetically modified foods for the past 10 years? It’s in about 70-75% of our nation’s food. Our food supply has greatly improved. Today we are going to find out what are genetically modified foods. Genetically modified foods are foods that have been engineered in the laboratory. They are improved in many ways. In the first part of my speech I will talk about the genetic modification technology in food and agriculture, locating improvements. In the second part I will include a debate about food safety, consumer attitudes and other concerns.Newspapers frequently carry stories about genetically modified food. The biotechnology agricultural age is occurring. Scientists had an idea to make food have better appearance, growth, and taste. In genetic engineering you take the best food available and add the few characters you are interested in so that you’re breeding efficiency is incre ased. The last century was a time of big changes in genetic engineering. Humanity made huge steps toward creating new life. Experiments with creating human were not successful, but the whole world was watching the experiment with sheep Dooley, which became first cloned animal.It was first such a big succeeded experiment and as a result almost everyone knew the last news about the sheep. However a big achievement was made in modifying new plants and crops. In the 21st century genetically modified products already became a part of our life. Every day new genetic products appear in shops and it becomes harder to find healthy food which does not contain any added chemical components. Apples during the winter time, oranges which become ripe twice faster than their period of ripening and tomato bushes which can survive very cold weather prove that biological world had experienced a lot of changes.Experiments are being made, new plants are being produced for a quite a long period of time, however genetically modified products is one of the hotly debatable topics today. The benefits of gene technology in terms of food production are enormous. The most common genetically engineered crops contain modifications that make the plants resistant to certain diseases and herbicides, or allow them to produce their own pesticides, thereby eliminating or reducing the need to spray.So-called â€Å"Bt corn,† for example, contains a gene resistant to the harmful mycotoxin fungus and herbicide producers, Monsanto have created a strain of soybeans genetically modified to be unaffected by their product Roundup. The soybean farmer therefore can avoid targeting specific weeds and require just one application of a general weed-killer, reducing costs and agricultural waste run-off. Genetically modified crops are also being adapted to grow in salty, dry or frosty environments, contain edible vaccines, have a longer shelf life and be more nutritious.A group of Swiss and German scienti sts recently developed a strain of GM rice known as ‘golden rice’ due to its altered color. Containing genes that produce a unusually high amount of beta-carotene (vitamin A), this rice could be a solution to the thousands of poor children in Asia who eat little but rice and go blind or die from lack of vitamin A. Public reaction to the use of recombinant DNA in genetic engineering however has been mixed. Sliding US export commodities such as genetically modified soybeans and corn have highlighted hardened public opinion and widespread resistance to biotech crops, especially in the European Union.Concerns about GM foods fall into three categories: economics, environmental hazards and human health risks. The latter two have been the subject of hot debate, both in Australia and overseas. Environmental damage from GM crops can be caused through various channels. One of the main concerns has been the possibility of gene transfer to a non-target species, that is crops engine ered for herbicide tolerance and weeds cross-breeding, resulting in the transfer of the herbicide resistance to create ‘super weeds’.In addition, environmentalists fear that transgenic plants may proliferate rapidly, pollinating natural plants in their surroundings eliminating existing species. Further environmental suspicions include those of unintended harm to other organisms and of the reduced effectiveness of pesticides once insects become tolerant to a crop’s natural pesticide. Questions have also been raised on the human impact of genetically modified organisms.Critics of recombinant DNA fear that the pathogenic, or disease-producing organisms used in some recombinant DNA experiments might develop extremely infectious forms that could cause worldwide epidemics. Likewise, the unknown effect of foreign genes introduced into GM food crops in terms of human health also presents a controversial issue. Furthermore, there is a possibility that introducing a gene i nto a plant may create a new allergen or cause an allergic reaction in susceptible individuals. A proposal to incorporate a gene from Brazil nuts into soybeans in order to increase their nutritional value was abandoned hen it was found that the genetically engineered soybeans caused an allergic reaction in people sensitive to Brazil nuts. For these reasons, extensive testing and labeling of GM foods may be required to avoid the possibility of harm to consumers with food allergies. Biotechnology has started to revolutionize food production, with fantastic results. With the world population of 6 billion expected to double in the next 50 years and an adequate food supply becoming a major challenge it will no doubt continue to do so in the future.

Relevant Information for Decision Making session long project 3 Essay

Relevant Information for Decision Making session long project 3 (walmart) accounting - Essay Example Here the two main questions and pieces of information that need to be considered are a) the location of the stores and the relative distance from the competitors and b) the Sales potential for the stores and the estimated revenue that the company might expect from the stores. Both these have a major impact on the overall profitability of the company. The irrelevant information for the company includes a) the sales for the US branch of the company and b) the sales forecast for Wal Mart international. Both these pieces of information do not have an impact on the company or the profitability of the company and hence can be ignored while the decision making process. Using the contribution margin for each of the stores will permit Wal Mart to accurately identify the most profitable locations. The first step to be adopted here will be to finalise the major stores, which are expected to grow and develop to achieve high market shares, following which it is essential for the company to detail the additional costs that relate to the smaller stores. Also the marginal fixed overheads can also be used to do so. The use of marginal costs of the additional stores can be obtained using the above information. Using the contribution margin method proves to be very effective and impactful on the businesses as the full cost and tradition methods of costing are not valid in the present times and hence the demand for the products is high as well. Also, this will provide information to the management which will help make more informed decisions for the additional store. Also this will allow gain a clear picture of the benefits that the additional store can provide and will also help in better estimation of the profitability of the stores as well. However, it is essential to keep in mind that although the contribution margin analysis is a simple process, the efforts to involved in finding the information for the analysis if quite tedious. Also the costs involved for the

Muslim jesus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Muslim jesus - Essay Example In Islam, however, while Jesus is not divine, he certainly existed and was regarded a great teacher of his day. Upon examining various accounts of Jesus and his time spent on earth, it is prudent to conclude that the Muslim account of Jesus is more similar to the true account of the historical Jesus as compared to the Jesus of the Christian faith. This report will, therefore, reflect the reality that the historical Jesus can be seen as more of a zealot or criminal as opposed to a divine being, as recounted in the varied accounts of the Christian gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. While Islamic teaching does regard Jesus as having been a human being who was a messenger of God, the Muslim faith rejects the idea that he was God, nor was he the begotten son of God. In fact, Islamic scripture teaches that anyone who believes that Jesus either God or the Son of God is Shirk. This is to mean that the individual has committed the sin of idolatry, as Islam teaching comes form the express point of view that there is only one true God, and that His prophet is Muhammed. To attach any status approaching divinity to the personhood of Jesus is simply wrong and cannot be accepted under the Islamic faith1. Muslims simply cannot reject the notion of God’s divine oneness, as that is a fundamental tenant of their faith. As such, to make the claim that the Muslim Jesus is divine would be equatable to committing an unpardonable sin. One of the arguments in the Christian faith is that Jesus is divine as represented by the concept of the Trinity. This is to say that God, Jesus the Son, and the Holy Sprit (the Essence of Jesus that has remained after His ascension to Heaven) are all divine and the same person. As such, since Jesus is part of the Trinity, Christians argue that He was and still is divine in his own right. This, again, rejected by Islamic teaching2. The Muslim perception

International and Pacific Asian Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

International and Pacific Asian Business - Essay Example These factors contributed to the shift from multinationalism to globalization. Since the millennium, academics and business people were more concern about ways in which globalization could affect domestic and international economy (Tierney 2004; Smith and Yaw 2002, p. 1). The purpose of globalization aims to promote the practice of free trading in the world market by removing barriers like import and export taxes which could prevent business people from taking advantage over the use of natural resources around the world (Nanduri 2006). By linking the trade and development in one country to other countries around the world, globalization makes it possible for businessmen to have the opportunity to maximize the use of the available natural resources and manpower (Krugman & Obstfeld 2009, p. 27, 273). As part of examining the new economy in the international and pacific Asian business, this report will analyze and discuss ways in which international trading is being conducted using the new trade theories as tackled by Paul Krugman. Eventually, trade theories which could accurately explain the competitiveness of business locations will be tackled in details. In line with this, economic theories related to economics of scale, demand led, product life cycle, the significance of monopolistic competition will be applied in different case scenarios by providing real-life examples and evidences. Prior to conclusion, the key trade patterns will be critically evaluated. The New Economy in International and Pacific Asian Business Because of globalization, fast economic growth and continuous business expansion can be observed in the modern international and pacific Asian businesses. In order to gain competitive advantage over other businesses in the world market, the new economy in International and pacific Asian businesses are heavily focused over the need to rely on the practice of trading goods and services within and outside a given country. As part of increasing the com petitive advantage of each business, large-scale companies are competing with one another not only in terms of acquiring the cheapest yet high quality raw materials but also in terms of hiring competitive and highly skilled employees at a minimum wage level (Steger 2003, p. 37). As a basic rule in business, high profit can be achieved not only when a company is able to produce enough supply based on the market demand but also when a company is able to keep its business operational cost at a very low price. Specifically the low operational cost can be achieved either by maximizing the use of the available human resources through the use of high technology and machineries or through economies of scale. Economies of Scale As explained by Krugman and Obstfeld (2009, p. 114), economies of scale in microeconomics is all about the cost advantage each businesses could earn by maximizing the use of its available technology and human resources. In line with this, a company is able to keep the unit price of certain product low each time the buyer purchases specific item by bulk. In other words, reducing the unit cost of a product is possible because producing a single item by volume can be manufactured on a large scale without the need to spend more money spent human resources. For

Theory into Practice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7000 words

Theory into Practice - Assignment Example ical Limited are considered; one of which have adopted successful CSR strategies while the other could not succeed in devising relevant CSR strategies in Indian pharmaceutical industry. With the beginning of internalization and globalization, the operation in modern day business has transformed to a great extent (Asongu, 2008). The phenomenon has brought in excessive competition and complexity in the business environment; this has challenged the managers and board of directors of well-known companies to measure its overall performance in the competitive industry. Because of globalization and internationalization, the managers and boards has to track the changes that have taken place in the external environment. In order to develop a un-interruptive business environment for the companies, the managers have undertaken several Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities (Boeger, 2010; Birch and Moon, 2008). These activities have helped them to deal with the complexities that dominate the external business environment and also balance the interest of the stakeholder so as to maintain the equity investments (Birch and Moon, 2008). Over the past few decades, CSR activities have occupied a significant place in every industry across the world. The CSR activities have the capability to enhance value of the firm (Servaes and Tamoya, 2013). The project takes into account pharmaceutical industry, which is a well regulated industry. The company that is considered for case study is GlaxoSmithKline Plc. The CSR activities undertaken by GSK are discussed in the project and it is also compared with its competitors. The main motivation behind choosing the topic is to acquire in-depth knowledge regarding the companies who undertake CSR activities and explore the concept more precisely so as to examine the challenges that are related to CSR. The global pharmaceutical industry is threatened by the rule and regulations as a result it is very interesting to know how the

Summary chp.25-emergence of the us-american history Term Paper

Summary chp.25-emergence of the us-american history - Term Paper Example But he could not keep up with this policy and soon sent a special envoy, Sumner Welles, to encourage Machado, the oppressive president of Cuba, to resign in 1933. Machado was replaced by Ramon Grau and later by Colonel Fulgencio Batista. His regime was immediately accepted by America leading to favorable trade agreement. In 1939 Mexico nationalize all foreign owned oil companies. This infuriated the American oil interest and demanded them back asking Roosevelt to use military force if necessary. In 1941 the issue was solved when Mexico and America agreed on a fixed amount of compensation. While the relations with Latin America remained agreeable, the same was not true for Asia. In September 1931, the Japanese army stationed in Manchuria seized control of it. Following Japan’s success, America invoked the Stimson Doctrine. The idea of Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity sphere was also generated by Japan. A similar idea was also circulating in Europe, Germany, and Italy. Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933 based on the promise to improve the economy of Germany and to increase its role in the world. Benito Mussolini of Italy also expressed his wish to expand Italy. In response to the increased tension in the world, in August 1935 the congress passed the Neutrality act of 1935 which prohibited the sales of arms and munitions to any nation at war. On October 3, 1935, Italy invaded Ethiopia. Roosevelt announced America’s neutrality on the issue and denied the sale of war supplies to either side. However, the non-war trade continued between Italy and America. On May 9, 1936, Italy annexed Ethiopia. In March 1936, Germany occupied Rhineland and in July a civil war broke out in Spain. Roosevelt again proclaimed America’s neutrality on the issue. Congress passed the Second Neutrality Act forbidding loans to countries at war. Roosevelt easily defeated Landon

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Report - Essay Example The essence of this system of accounting for Non Current assets is that; eventually, these assets have to be replaced and hence the best estimate for the company to use as the replacement cost of wearing away is depreciation. Accounting in the Income Statement Although IFRS has clearly spelt out that costs should be â€Å"capitalized as part of the cost of the asset if future economic benefits are probable and can be reliably measured† (Ernst &Young, 2009, p. 7), the model has not clearly specified clearly, how the units of account, used in long-term assets, should be determined. As such, the determination of a unit of account is based on the discretion of the management, who consider both the asset’s materiality and the intended use in order to fix the appropriate units. In respective of this view, the ‘minor spare parts’ should be considered less material and, therefore, treated as expenses under the Income Statement. The entire ? 5,700 should be accounte d for under this category. The other two categories of costs, including service contract (W4) and depreciation (W2), should be accounted for in the Income Statement since they are expensed. ... or the year ending 30 December 2012 is a sum of the depreciation before the review, of ?30,000 (W5.1) and the depreciation after the review, of ?52, 500 (W5.3). The essence of these calculations, in the context of a change in the original estimate of asset life, is that â€Å" the unamortised depreciable amount of the asset is charged to revenue over the revised remaining useful life.† (Accounting Standard [AS] 6, p. 5). Building X Accounting in the Income Statement Under IFRS (IAS 16), building X is treated as Property Plant and Equipment (PP&E) since it is held for the production of goods and services and it is a Non Current asset. An item under this category is measured at its cost less accumulated depreciation. Alternatively, an entity is at liberty to use revaluation model, considering the asset was revalued. In this respect, a depreciation of ?20,000, ?20,000 and ?40,000 will be accounted for in the Income Statement for the years ending 31 December 2010, 2011, and 2012 r espectively. In addition, the gain on revaluation will be reflected on the Income Statement at ? 1,620,000 (W 8.2). Accounting in the Balance Sheet Following revaluations at 31 December 2011 and 31 December 2012, for ?2 million and ?2.5 million respectively; the value of the cost that will appear in the Balance Sheet is ?1 million, ?1 million, ?2 million and ?2.5 million for the years ending 31 December 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively (W 8.1). The respective accumulated depreciations for the years ending 31 December 2010, 2011, and 2012 will be ?60,000, ?80,000 and ?40,000 respectively. Therefore, the cost after revaluation, which will be accounted for the years ending 31 December 2011, 2012 and 2013 will be ?1,000,000, ?20,000 and ?2,500,000 respectively, all treated under Non Current

Sexual Assault of a Child Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sexual Assault of a Child - Essay Example Also, of the estimated 766,686 missing juveniles in the United States last year, including abductees, runaways and abandoned "throwaways," 16 percent likely were victims of sexual exploitation (Spun, 2002). Â  The clinical explanations of sexual abuse are linked to decrees, the directing the belief is whether the encounter has a shocking impact on the child. Not all sexual encounters suffered by children do. The distressing impact is usually influenced by the significance of the act to the child, which may alter as the child progresses through developmental phases. Â  Sexual abuse comprises of but is not restricted to, viewing a child pornographic resources, placing the child's hand on another person's genitals, touching a child's genitals, or penetration of any orifice of a child's body with a penis, finger, or an article of any kind. Penetration does not have to take place for it to be sexual abuse. Â  Sexual abuse can take place anywhere, at any occasion, including in front of other people who do not, or prefer to not see. Sexual abuse has horrifying consequences on children. Children who have been sexually abused undergo overwhelming mental breakdown and at times death. The children build up distrust and will have troubles in their future relationships. In addition, sexual abuse makes sexual abusers. Â  The impact of sexual abuse accomplishes all levels of a child's sentiments. Confusion is frequently the early response of the child. Once the abuse starts the victim undergoes an incredible disagreement with their emotions. They feel pleasing due to the awareness they are getting from the parent, as well as the bodily satisfaction. Conversely, they undergo pain, guiltiness, and annoyance for what is being done. Â  Child victims of sexual abuse suffer far worse trauma if they think images of their ordeals are distributed on the internet, a Welsh conference will hear today. The shame of being seen in pictures of abuse passed among pedophiles leaves children with a heavier psychological burden (Internet Images Make Child Abuse Trauma Burden Worse, 2004). Â  The abused will feel remarkable guiltiness for various reasons. They think they did nothing to prevent the abuse, as a result, they are accountable and it should carry on. They felt painful but the abuse was sometimes pleasing. They one way or another deserved or caused the abuse. Â  A victim will generally feel this manner when their confidence has reduced and they have no more responses to what is happening. Â  Another most important foundation of guiltiness comes from the mother. Frequently when the mother is told regarding the mistreatment she will not want to think the charges and will hold responsible the child. Â  

Patterns Of Recidivism Related To Case Dispositions Of Thesis

Patterns Of Recidivism Related To Case Dispositions Of Alcohol-Impaired Driving Offenses. Harsher Punishment Means Less Recidivism Theory - Thesis Example This should act as a specific deterrence, whiche means that the offender is less likely to offend again. This is both because the greater charge will necessarily bring greater punishment, and the greater charge may be used to enhance penalties for future charges. If an offender pleads guilty to a driving while intoxicated, as opposed to pleading guilty to some other charge, like a driving while ability impaired, then that person has to contend with the harsher sentence of the DWI in comparison to the DWAI. He or she also has to contend with the consequences that radiate from this higher insurance rates, license revocation, etc. And, the offender must also know that, if he or she gets arrested again, he or she already has one DWI on his or her record, as opposed to having a DWAI on his or her record, so the penalties will be enhanced. Therefore, the basic premise of this study is that harsher penalties will result in less recidivism. The study at hand will hopefully illuminate whether this hypothesis is correct, as well as look at the effect that harsher penalties has on specific deterrence for the offender. Another basic premise is that plea bargaining to a lesser offense does not provide the proper deterrence to DWI offenders. The literature review will look at studies which shed light on this hypothesis, although whether or not harsher penalties, actually reduces recidivism or is the best method of reducing recidivism, is an open question. There are studies ( Moffatt & Poynton, 2007; Salzburg & Paulsrude, 1984; Yu, 1994) which state that harsher penalties do in fact reduce recidivism, but the literature also suggests that other methods may also reduce recidivism, perhaps to the extent that harsher penalties do or even more than harsher penalties. For instance, studies (Streff et al., 2001; Guerin & Pitts, 2002) suggest that a pre-trial diversion, which means that the offender does not plead guilty to any charge, but, rather, agrees to enter a rehabilitation p rogram and, upon successful completion, will have the charges against him dropped, are successful in preventing repeat offenders. Ignition interlock is another method which has shown promise in this regard(Popkin et al., 1992 ). Therefore, harsher penalties are not necessarily the final word on whether or not an offender recidivates, and the challenge of this study is to determine if the harsher penalties, and lack of plea bargaining, offers a better outcome for recidivism then do alternative methods. Literature Bolstering The Theory that Harsher Punishment Means Less Recidivism One of the theories regarding criminal recidivism is that it is generally reduced when the punishment is swift, certain, and severe (Moffatt & Poynton, 2007). However, it is unclear whether swift, certain, and severe punishment actually do deter repeat offenses. For instance, Nichols & Ross examined the literature surrounding whether actual incarceration results in less recidivism. They looked at several stu dies which tracked recividism rates for offenders who were incarcerated at either a general facility, like a jail or prison, or a special facility, such as an intensive treatment lockup. In reviewing these studies, Nichols & Ross found that, in five of the studies, there was no reduction in recividism. One study which found that traditional lockups did not reduce recividism, but special facilities did. One study which found that a traditional prison and a special facility showed no difference in recividism. And one study which found that incarceration reduced recividism for first-time offenders. Since

The Formation of Rocks in Ireland Essay Example for Free

The Formation of Rocks in Ireland Essay It is the most widespread type of intrusive igneous rock at the earth’s surface. Igneous rocks form when molten rock is erupted at a volcano and then cools and hardens to form solid rock (Holden, 2012). Granite rock is created when magma is forced between other rocks deep within the earths crust. The magma then cools due to the drop in temperature and crystallizes in caverns deep within the earth. The molten rock cools quite slowly over time, which allows the crystals to grow and develop inside the molten rock. Granite is transported to the surface of the earth by plate tectonics. The collision of continental plates moves the granite from deep within the crust of the earth to the surface. Granite is found in Ireland in the Wicklow Mountains. (http://www. talktalk. co. uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0015252. html) Granite is distinguished by three features. Firstly, granite is composed of large mineral grains that bind tightly together. Secondly, granite always contains the minerals of quartz and feldspar. (http://www. windows2universe. org/earth/geology/ig_granite. html) These minerals give granite a light complexion, generally a pink or white colour. Thirdly, almost all granite is igneous and plutonic. This is because it formed from a fluid state, which was magma and it formed in a huge, deeply buried body also known as a pluton (http://geology. about. com/od/more_igrocks/a/granite. htm). Basalt Basalt is a common extrusive igneous rock. Basalt is commonly dark in colour. It has a fine-grained mineral texture which is due to the rapid cooling of the molten rock after it is erupted at a volcano. The rapid cooling occurs due to being exposed to the cooling air or water on the surface of the earth. Holden, 2012) Basalt is formed generally in three different environments: Oceanic divergent plate boundaries, oceanic hotspots and at hotspots and mantle plumes beneath continents. Basalt forms at oceanic divergent plate boundaries at mid-ocean ridges. At mid-ocean ridges convection currents pull the plates apart creating a rift valley. This allows hot rock from deep within the earths mantle to melt and erupt onto the seafloor forming bas alt. (Honan, 2011) At oceanic hotspots basalt is also formed. Hotspots are areas in the cente of tectonic plates where hot plumes of magma force there way to the surface. Basalt is formed at these hotspots when an eruption occurs on the ocean floor. If the eruptions are repeated enough times the basalt can build the volcanic cone larger and larger to form an island. The Hawaiian Islands are an example of this. (http://geology. com/rocks/basalt. shtml) Basalt is also formed in a continental environment where mantle plumes or hotspots can deliver large quantities of magma up to the earths surface. These eruptions generally form from fissures or vents and they produce some of the largest basalt flows on the continents. (http://geology. com/rocks/basalt. html) Basalt can be found in Ireland in the Giant’s Causeway in County Antrim. Limestone Limestone is a sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rocks are created by the processes of chemical or physical weathering . The sediment which is created from the processes of weathering can accumulate over time and eventually build up and harden to form solid rock. (Holden, 2012) Limestone in Ireland formed about 300 to 350 million years in warm shallow seas when Ireland lay close to the equator. Over millions of years the bodies of dead marine creatures such as shellfish and coral fell to the seafloor and built up on the seabed. Mud and sand particles from rivers also fell to the seafloor and added to the sediment. Over time the weight of the accumalting sediment compressed the sediment. Water and air was pushed from the pore spaces and calcium carbonate from the sediment binded the rock together. The process by which loose grains of sediment are compressed to form solid rock is called lithification. (Honan, 2011) Chemical weathering and eroison of limestone rock produced unusual landscapes in Ireland called karst landscapes. An example of a karst landscape in Ireland is the Burren in County Clare. Honan and Mulholland , 2007) Sandstone Sandstone is an inorganically formed sedimentary rock. It forms when particles of igneous, metamorphic and other types of sedimentary rocks are transported by rivers and gather on the seafloor or in lakes. The sediment layers then become compacted and over time cemented together by silica to form sandstone rock. (Honan S. , 2011) Sandstone in Ireland was formed 400-350 millio n years ago when Ireland was situated 30 degrees south of the equator. During this period Ireland was experiencing some very dry desert conditions. Many large rivers flowed across the dry landscape carrying the sediments which over time formed Old Red Sandstone which can now be found in the Cork and Kerry Mountains. (Honan and Mulholland , 2007) Schist Schist is a metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rocks are produced from existing sedimentary or igneous rocks usually as a result of partial melting and recrystallization. The changes normally occur where there is high pressure such as under hundreds of metres of bedrock or where rock is crushed at the meeting point of tectonic plates. Many metamorphic rocks have a layered structure due to this intense external pressure. Metamorphic rocks are often harder and more resistant than sedimentary rocks. (Holden, 2012) Schist in Ireland was formed through regional metamorphism. This is when large areas of rock covering many thousands of square kilometres are metamorphsed. Schist in Ireland was formed about 400 million years ago during the Caledonian folding period. The rocks changed due to huge pressure on the rocks created by plate movement. This deformed the rocks and forced them deep into the earth’s crust where they were heated to temperatures up to 1,000 degrees.

Xunzi Human Nature Essay Example for Free

Xunzi Human Nature Essay Introduction Xunzi (Xun Qing, or Xun Kuang: c. 310-c. 219 BCE) lived at the very end of the Zhou dynasty. Like Mencius, he was an advocate and interpreter of the teachings of Confucius. Living a generation after Mencius, Xunzi lived through the final, brutal wars which ended with the state of Qin absorbing and unifying all the Chinese feudal states. Xunzi was a widely traveled scholar, teacher, and official. Document Excerpts with Questions (Longer selection follows this section) From Sources of Chinese Tradition, compiled by Wm. Theodore de Bary and Irene Bloom, 2nd ed. , vol. 1 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1999), 179-183.  © 1999 Columbia University Press. Reproduced with the permission of the publisher. All rights reserved. Selection? from? the? Xunzi:? â€Å"Human? Nature? Is? Evil†? ? Human? nature? is? evil:? its? goodness? derives? from? conscious? activity.? Now? it? is? human? nature? to? be? born? with? a? fondness? for? profit.? Indulging? this? leads? to? contention? and? strife,? and? the? sense? of? modesty? and? yielding? with? which? one? was? born? disappears.? One? is? born? with? feelings? of? envy? and? hate,? and,? by? indulging? these,? one?is? led? into? banditry? and? theft,? so? that? the? sense? of? loyalty? and? good? faith? with? which? he? was? born? disappears.? One? is? born? with? the? desires? of? the? ears? and? eyes? and? with? a? fondness? for? beautiful? sights? and? sounds,? and,? by? indulging? these,? one? is? led? into? licentiousness? and? chaos,? so? that? the? sense? of? ritual,? rightness,? refinement,? and? principle? with? which? one? was? born? is? lost.? Hence,? following? human? nature? and? indulging? human? emotions? will? inevitably? lead? to? contention? and? strife,? causing? o the? example? of? a? teacher? and? guided? by? the? way? of? ritual? and? rightness? before? one? will? attain? modesty? and? yielding,? accord with? refinement? and? ritual,? and? return? to? order.? †¦? ? †¦? A? questioner? asks:? If? human? nature? is? evil,? then? where? do? ritual? and? rightness? come? from I? reply:? ritual? and? rightness? are? always? created? by? the? conscious? activity? of? the? sages;? essentially? they? are? not? created? by? human? nature.? †¦? ? If? human? nature? were? good,? we? could? dispense? with? the? sage? kings? and? desist? from? the? practice? of? ritual? and? rightness.? Since? human? nature? is? evil,? we? must? elevate? the? sages? and? esteem? ritual? and? rightness.? ? Primary Source Document, with Questions (DBQs) on SELECTION FROM THE XUNZI: â€Å"HUMAN NATURE IS EVIL† Questions: 1. How does Xunzi’s understanding of human nature compare to your own? 2. How does Xunzi’s understanding of human nature compare to that of Mencius? Which do you prefer, and why? 3. Why might the two men, from the same background, both self-appointed interpreters of Confucius, and only one generation apart, come up with their respective understandings of human nature? 4. What implications does Xunzi’s understanding of human nature have for family life and government? Longer Selection From Sources of Chinese Tradition, compiled by Wm. Theodore de Bary and Irene Bloom, 2nd ed. , vol. 1 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1999), 179-183.  © 1999 Columbia University Press. Reproduced with the permission of the publisher. All rights reserved. Selection? from? the? Xunzi:? â€Å"Human? Nature? Is? Evil†? ? Human? nature? is? evil;? its? good? derives? from? conscious? activity.? Now? it? is? human? nature? to? be? born? with? a? fondness?for? profit.? Indulging? this? leads? to? contention? and? strife,? and? the? sense? of? modesty? and? yielding? with? which? one? was? born? disappears.? One? is? born? with? feelings? of? envy? and? hate,? and,? by? indulging? these,? one? is? led? into? banditry? and? theft,? so? that? the? sense? of? loyalty? and? good? faith? with? which? he? was? born? disappears.? One? is? born? with? the? desires? of? the? ears? and? eyes? and? with? a? fondness? for? beautiful? sights? and? sounds,? and,? by? indulging? these,? one? is? led? to? licentiousness? and? chaos,? so? that? the? sense? of? ritual,? rightness,? refinement,? and? principle? with? which? one? was? born? is? lost.? Hence,? following? human? nature? and? indulging? human? emotions? will? inevitably? lead? to? contention? and? strife,? causing? one? to? rebel? against? one’s? proper? duty,? reduce? principle? to? chaos,? and? revert? to? violence.? Therefore? one? must? be? transformed? by? the? example? of? a? teacher? and? guided? by? the? way? of? ritual? and? rightness? before? one? will? attain? modesty? and? yielding,? accord? with? refinement? and? ritual,?and? return? to? order.? From? this? perspective? it? is? apparent? that? human? nature? is? evil? and? that? its? goodness? is? the? result? of? conscious? activity.? ? Thus? warped? wood? must? be? laid? against? a? straightening? board,? steamed,? and? bent? into? shape? before? it? can? become? straight;? blunt? metal? must? be? ground? on? a? whetstone? before? it? can? become? sharp.? And? in? that? human? nature? is? evil,? it? must? wait? for? the? example? of? a? teacher? before? it? can? become? upright,? and? for? ritual? and? rightness? before? it? can? become? orderly.? Now,? if? people? lack? the? example? of? teachers? they? will? be? partial? and? narrow? rather? than? upright;? if? they? lack? ritual? and? rightness? they? will? be? rebellious? and? chaotic? rather? than? orderly.? In? ancient? times? the? sage? kings,? recognizing? that? the? nature? of? human? beings? is? evil that? they? incline? toward? evil? and? are? not? upright,? that? they? are? disposed? toward? chaos? and? are? not? orderly? created? ritual? and? Asia for Educators | Columbia University | http://afe. easia. columbia. eduÃ'Ž

Effect of Parents with PTSD on Children

Effect of Parents with PTSD on Children Dushica Djurovic Does Transmission of Trauma Influence Children of Parents with PTSD? War veterans may experience traumatic events that may influence their lives after the military; moreover, such traumatic experiences may affect lives of the veterans’ family members. One of these people who experience a trauma during military service is my uncle who went to the army when he was very young. There is not anything that can be the same again for my uncle. Although he was a smiling and pretty talkative person before he went to the army, six months after he became reticent and aloof. Family members who have known him since he was born were worried about his mood and behavior, and they wondered what happened to him. When his parents and a sister heard that his best friend, Mark, was shot right in front of my uncle while Mark and he were running into a bunker, they have realized the cause of his depressive behavior. The bloody picture of his friend shot in the back of head has been flowing in my uncle’s mind for a long time, and that picture became both his dai ly struggle and a night mere. He was diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder which is caused by the traumatic event he has experienced during the military combat. There are many ex-combatants who have experienced traumas during wars like my uncle, and such traumas may affect veterans’ family relationships (Bathory, page 71). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder may affect both a relationship with combat veterans’ children and relationships with their partners. According to Medscape Medical News that published the article about the high rate of PTSD in returning Iraq war veterans, the estimate rate of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among veterans returning from Iraq embraces the range from 12% to 20% (Roehr). Individuals with PTSD tend to have a high level of anxiety and arousal, which manifests itself as difficult sleeping, impaired concentration, and the fear of being easily startled (Price). My uncle had difficulties such as sleeplessness and anxiety. Even though he had psychotherapy treatment for a few years after he returned home from the military service, his recovery was slow because of specific PTSD symptoms such as apathy and insomnia. As a result, his five-year-old son was not able to understand why his father was often pensive when he asked him for something. PTSD symptoms may be frightening for both parents and their kids. Children may also worry that their parent cannot properly care for them (Price). That is why children may be afraid of having a close relationship with their parents who are depressed or anxious, dealing with PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, such children may even become unhappy or reluctant to trust others, including their parents, because they do not feel loved and cared for their family members. Combat veterans may struggle trying to maintain relationships with their partners because people with PTSD may feel anxious talking with their wives and husbands about their traumatic experience. According to the American National Center for PTSD, the partners of the Vietnam Veterans with PTSD reported some effects of the veterans’ mental health problems such as lower levels of happiness, less satisfaction in their lives, and more demoralization that is manifested as the lack of hope, courage, and confidence (Stevens). If people who experience traumatic events do not use psychotherapy treatments, their intense emotions of guilt, grief, or fear may escalate. That may happen because they may not be able to handle their burden of war. As a result, war veterans may become physically and verbally aggressive to their partners, which may lead to divorce. The rates of divorce for Veterans with PTSD were about twice as great as for Veterans without PTSD (Kulka). Suffering from the effe cts of PTSD such as aggression, irritability, or anger, people may deal with certain relationship problems. Both parts, Maus I and Maus II emphasize two stories in which PTSD was transmitted from parents to their child. While one story is focused on Vladek Spiegelman’s survival of the Holocaust, another is focused on the relationship between Vladek and his son Artie. There is a strong bond that connects both stories. The clue lies in the different kinds of guilt that both of them feel, and such kind of guilty triggered PTSD in them. While Vladek, as a Holocaust victim, struggles when he realizes his luck by surviving from Nazi terror during the war, Artie struggles because he was lucky to be born after the war and avoid the suffering in Auschwitz that his family experienced. Furthermore, both of them have an open wound in their hearts: Vladek lost his wife and Artie his mother when she had a breakdown after the many hardships she endured through. Not only Holocaust survivors, but also their children suffer from their families experience. The main question that echoes in Vladek’s head is, â€Å"Why did he survive the Holocaust and not somebody else.† He feels guilty because he was lucky to survive the war which was responsible for millions of deaths. Vladek thinks that instead of him, somebody more worthy deserves to be alive. In order to avoid that feeling, he wants to turn his back on the painful past. He always avoids talking about it with Artie who becomes angry every time he tries to get information about his family. During my reading, I figured out that Vladek even pretends that he does not realize his son’s frustration and gets angry when Artie insists on getting the information. Instead of that, he behaves like everything between them is fine, ignoring any tension. Vladek’s experience at Auschwitz is a burden that flows in his mind, however, he desperately wants to live in the present and so he avoids talking about it. On the other hand, Artie constantly insists on hearing more info rmation about what his family experienced during the war. While he is irritated and often angry with Vladek’s behavior and cannot even imagine living with him under the same roof, his father wants to fix their relationship by spending time together. Vladek misses his wife, Anja, who had cared for him and for this reason he needs his son even more. For instance, he calls his son early in the morning to tell him that he needs his help fixing the drainpipe. Vladek tells him that he needs help by emphasizing the fact that he is an old, vulnerable man but actually it is about more than a drainpipe. He desperately needs his son’s love and attention. While he wants to enjoy spending time with his son and talking about the present, Artie wants to hear everything about the past. The more Vladek struggles with PTSD symptoms and wants to turn his back on the past, the more Artie insists on talking about it in order to get more information. That is why their relationship is broken and full of tension and misunderstanding. Every time Vladek talks about such a brutal experience that his family had, he digs deep into his heart, and becomes upset and more depressed. Not only people who experienced the Holocaust are its victims, but also their children who are born after the war as Artie was. Although he was born after the war, Artie also suffers from his parents painful memories. That memories caused PTSD and both parents as well as his son suffered from the same traumatic disorders. As the only member of his family who does not have a traumatic past, Artie struggles because he feels less worthy as somebody who did not suffer at Auschwitz. Moreover, he feels a burden because he did not do anything to deserve the comfortable life that he has. On the contrary, his family had to survive terrible suffering during the war to be still alive. Unfortunately, the majority of their relatives were not as a lucky as Vladek and Anja. Artie’s brother Richie did not survive the war. When the Germans started to take children from Srodula, Anja and Vladek, were living in the ghetto and in order to save their son’s life they sent Richie to Zawiercie with his aunt Tosha and her children, Bibi and Lonia. Unexpectedly, the Germans came a few months later to evacuate Zawiercie a nd send the rest of the Jewish population to Auschwitz. In order to avoid being sent with the children to Nazi gas chambers, Tosha decided to kill not just herself but also her children and Richie with poison. She chose the lesser of two evils. That tragedy left a deep scar on Anja and Vladek’s hearts. That scar even intensified their PTSDs. Richie was still their beautiful and intelligent baby. Even though they had Artie after the war, they are desperately trying to see their first baby in Artie’s eyes. This causes Artie to feel neglected. He would have never been able to be replaced with his brother, and that is why he feels less worthy than Richie. He feels guilty because of his inability to replace his brother for their parents, and the parents’ sorrow was transmitted to their sun making him a new PTSD sufferer. As we see from this story, Artie becomes a new Holocaust victim even though the event itself was in the past, before he was born. Another thread that connects both stories, Vladek’s escape from the Holocaust and the relationship between his son and him, is Anja’s death. Vladek, as her husband, blames himself for not having been able to save her. Artie blames his father because he destroyed Anja’s diaries which were his only reminder of his mother. After the war, Vladek did not pay enough attention to her and was not as kind as he had been before they were forced to go to the concentration camp, for this reason she became even more depressed and committed suicide. After her death, he wanted to destroy everything which reminded him of her. Furthermore, he became very depressed and cried when he read the comic called â€Å"The prisoner on the hell planet† that Artie published about his mother years ago. This is the only time readers of †Maus† are faced with Anja’s personality as a Holocaust victim. She felt alone and became more depressed after her son answered by say ing just â€Å"sure† and did not even looked at her when she asked him if he still loved her. From Artie’s comic strip about his mother, I realized that Artie’s cold reaction was not just one more thing for an already very depressed woman, a small step which pushed her over the edge. She already felt unloved and Vladek did not support and care about her. Artie called his father a murder when Vladek told him that he had destroyed her diaries. In my opinion, Vladek destroyed them in order to hide not just from his conscience but also from Artie the fact that he, as her husband, was guilty for the suicide his wife committed. Once again, the past influences Artie’s life and he is suffering because of the PTSD consequences his father and mother experienced after being in Auschwitz. Both stories, Vladek’s survival of the Holocaust and the broken relationship between Artie and him, are interlinked with the guilt they feel. Vladek feels survivor’s guilt, and although his son insists on it, he avoids talking about the past. Although he was not a victim of Auschwitz, Artie indirectly suffers from his parents PTSD and feels inadequate for having an easy life, while his parent’s had been put under so much thread. Moreover, Anja’s death forever left a deep scar on their souls, which intensified painful memories in Vladek and triggered PTSD in Artie. For this reason both, the father and son would have never been able to step completely into the present. Part of both of them would have always been in the past. This book teaches us that the more people tend to ignore their past, the more it holds onto them and their past experience, good and bad, can be passed from one generation to the next, and that is how PTSD transmission becomes intergener ational illness. Analyzing the literature, researchers found that in most studies, the children whose father were diagnosed with PTSD participating in combat, were more likely to suffer from distress than those children whose fathers did not participate in combat but experienced PTSD. However, there were a few clinical cases in which the number of fathers with PTSD but who did not participated in military was larger than the number of those fathers with PTSD but who experienced their traumas in military. Additionally, there is not clear definition of traumatic status that is still an ambiguous and inconsistent term (Kallerman, 2007). Davidson, Smith, and Kundler analyzed 108 outpatient veterans with PTSD, including 24 major depressives and 15 alcoholics, and reported the higher rate of psychiatric treatment among children of PTSD sufferers (Davidson, Smith, Kundler, 1989). Furthermore, PTSD were found in 6 families of PTSD, but none in the control group. Similarly, Parsons, Kehle, and Owen observed cases that were consisted 45 children of veterans, and 47 children of nonveterans, when they found that PTSD sufferers perceived children as having more dysfunctional social and emotional behavior, and difficulties in establishing and maintaining friendships. In these cases the types of behaviors were function of child’s gender and age (Persons, Kehle, Owen, 1990). In both of described studies, the fathers had status of those who were diagnosed with PTSD but the second study also included those fathers who were without PTSD. The target groups in both studies were consisted of Americans who participated in the Vietnam War or the World War II. Furthermore, Jordan et al. reported that veterans with PTSD showed markedly elevated levels of severe and diffuse problems in marital and family adjustment, parenting skills, and violent behavior. In his research the author was focused on 1,200 Vietnam veterans and 376 spouses or coresident partners of the veterans. Ruscio, Weathers, and King found that emotional numbing was the only aspects of PTSD uniquely associated with veterans’ perceived relationships with their children. The group included 66 male Vietnam veterans, and all of them had one or more children (Ruscio, Weathers, King, 2002). There is another research, done by Westerink and Giarratano, and such study consisted 22 children of veterans over the age of 15 years, and their fathers had the status of veterans with PTSD. The findings show that children of veterans reported higher levels of conflict in their families; there were no significant differences on measures of psychological distress and self-esteem from control groups (Westerink, Giarratano, 1999). In the case of my uncle who was diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder which is caused by the traumatic event he has experienced during the military combat, I realized that his son is more likely to become a new PTSD sufferer. That is because of the bloody picture of my uncle’s friend who was shot in the back of head, and such a bloody picture has been flowing in my uncle’s mind for a long time affecting even the behavior of his son. According to Maus, the book about the lives of Holocaust survivors after the Auschwitz, I realized that they transmitted their PTSDs to their son Artie. That caused many struggles in their relationships. I got sense that the clue lies in the different kinds of guilt that both of them feel. While Vladek, as a Holocaust victim and PTSD sufferer, struggles when he realizes his luck by surviving from Nazi terror during the war. On the other hand, Artie struggles because he was lucky to be born after the war and avoid the suffering in Aus chwitz that his family experienced. However, their parents’ PTSDs made him a new PTSD sufferer. According to studies I was reading, the results about transmission of PTSD from father to child show a various range of different findings. While some researchers reported that the children of fathers with PTSDs that were caused by military traumas, are more likely to suffer from the same, numerous others think that military traumas of ex-combatants cannot directly affect their children. To conclude, there are many researchers who are trying to narrow the scope of findings about PTSD transmission from father to child, however, a large range of multiple different results show that this area is much deeper and ambiguous than scholars expected. Works Cited Dekel, Rachel, and Hadass Goldblatt. Is There Intergenerational Transmission Of Trauma? The Case Of Combat Veterans Children. N.p., 2015. Web. 7 May 2015. Kellerman, N. (2007). Ha’avara shel traumat hasho’ah [Transmission of the Holocaust trauma]. In Z. Solomon J. Chaitin (Eds.), Yaldut betzel hasho’ah: Yeladim nitzolim ve’dor sheni [Childhood in the shadow of the Holocaust–survived children and second generation] (pp. 286 –303). Davidson, J., Smith, R., Kudler, H. (1989). Familial psychiatric illness in chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 30, 339 –345. Parsons, J., Kehle, T. J., Owen, S. V. (1990). Incidence of behavior problems among children of Vietnam veterans. School Psychology International, 11, 253–259. Ruscio, A. M., Weathers, F. W., King, L. A., King, D. W. (2002). Male war-zone veterans’ perceived relationships with their children: The importance of emotional numbing. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15, 351–357. Westerink, J., Giarratano, L. (1999). The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on partners and children of Australian Vietnam veterans. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 33, 841– 847. Spiegelman, Art. Maus. New York: Pantheon Books, 1986 Kulka, Richard A. Partners Of Veterans With PTSD: Research Findings PTSD: National Center For PTSD. Ptsd.va.gov. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Feb. 2015. Bathory, Dalia. History Of Communism In Europe: Vol. 4 / 2013. Google Books. N.p., 2015. Web. 16 Mar. 2015. Roehr, Bob. High Rate Of PTSD In Returning Iraq War Veterans. Medscape.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 17 Mar. 2015. Price, Jennifer L. Children Of Veterans And Adults With PTSD. Aaets.org. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Feb. 2015. Stevens, Susan P. Partners Of Veterans With PTSD: Common Problems PTSD: National Center For PTSD. Ptsd.va.gov. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Feb. 2015.

The Swimmer Essay example -- essays research papers

"The Swimmer" by John Cheever describes Neddy Merril's "swim" home. Neddy is a husband and a father, he is also a drunk. The story encompasses about twenty years of his life of alcohol which ruined not only him but also his relationship with his family. One day after waking up with a hangover he drinks a little and decides to swim home. It is obvious he is a drunk because he is constantly searching for a drink on his swim home. Neddy was a wealthy man living in a wealthy high class neighborhood in Connecticut. He lived with his wife and kids. He was popular and had material possessions. He was living the good life, maybe too good. He was well respected and could usually be found at one of the invite only parties in his area. Neddy awoke from with a hangover one day and decided to swim home via the Lucinda river. The river was composed of the pools of people in his neighborhood. It was his version of "pool hopping" his way home. The story seems to take place over the course of a day but is, in fact, a twenty year period of his life in which alcoholism takes over his life and causes his family to desert him. Each pool he hops symbolizes a party he attended at that house some time over the course of the twenty years. Some pools bring back good memories with the parties which accompanied them. some not so good such as the public pool which wouldn't accept...

Amistad Essay example -- essays research papers

Vanessa Breslow  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Professor Dublin 11/17/99  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  History 103-3 L’Amistad   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Amistad, ironically a ship that means â€Å"friendship,† was the setting of one of the most historical slave revolts led by black Africans in 1839. This revolt gained considerable attention from the American population, the media and well as other international interests. It was the black insurrection on board the Amistad that ignited the underlying issues of politics, slavery, sectionalism, religion, trade rights, and anti-British sentiment that already plagued the nation at the time of the Amistad incident. The controversy drew the entire world into the conflict over human and property rights, an issue that divided our nation and would eventually catapult it into war over the relationship of race and slavery to liberty.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Treaties and Laws in the 1800’s sought to further slavery regulation by making it legal, but prohibiting the further importation of slaves. Great Britain banned slavery in its own colonies, and pursued the suppression of trade. The United States passed the Slave Importation Act of 1807, which declared further importation of slaves into the United States illegal. Yet these Laws proved to be unenforceable due to Presidential denial of power to halt trades in the United States, as well as the rising cotton production in the South and the demand for Cuban sugar and Brazilian coffee, both expanding the market for slave labor. Thus the 1817 treaty with Great Britain that also outlawed foreign slave trade especially hurt the Spanish colony of Cuba. In spite of the ban, slave-traders continued to smuggle in slaves for several decades and tried to pass them off as legal. Slaves were constantly kidnapped from their homeland and taken most on route to Cuba, where slave labor was in most frequent demand. In 1839, the two men, Jose Ruiz and Pedro Montes chartered the Amistad to transpor... ... and that selfishness was a card. Another negative association about slavery, viewed by evangelicals, was its association with great wealth. In the following November, the Africans, a translator, and some missionaries (both black and white) left for Africa aboard the ship the Gentleman. The arrival of those Amistad Africans who had successfully rebelled against slavery two years earlier, had ignited a sectional debate of significance within the United States. The immediate support of the blacks by leading abolitionists, when contrasted to the immediate denial by the federal government of the Africans right to be free, indicated how firmly different forces in the nation were committed to the slavery issue. General public response to the case revealed the importance of party allegiance, the divisiveness of slavery, the limited place of the black man, and the extreme aversion to the abolitionists and Great Britain shared by Americans at the close of the Van Buren administration. These prevalent and resistant differences would remain firmly settled in the United States, and would gradually tear the nation apart until there co mes a call of war to finally settle sectional differences. Amistad Essay example -- essays research papers Vanessa Breslow  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Professor Dublin 11/17/99  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  History 103-3 L’Amistad   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Amistad, ironically a ship that means â€Å"friendship,† was the setting of one of the most historical slave revolts led by black Africans in 1839. This revolt gained considerable attention from the American population, the media and well as other international interests. It was the black insurrection on board the Amistad that ignited the underlying issues of politics, slavery, sectionalism, religion, trade rights, and anti-British sentiment that already plagued the nation at the time of the Amistad incident. The controversy drew the entire world into the conflict over human and property rights, an issue that divided our nation and would eventually catapult it into war over the relationship of race and slavery to liberty.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Treaties and Laws in the 1800’s sought to further slavery regulation by making it legal, but prohibiting the further importation of slaves. Great Britain banned slavery in its own colonies, and pursued the suppression of trade. The United States passed the Slave Importation Act of 1807, which declared further importation of slaves into the United States illegal. Yet these Laws proved to be unenforceable due to Presidential denial of power to halt trades in the United States, as well as the rising cotton production in the South and the demand for Cuban sugar and Brazilian coffee, both expanding the market for slave labor. Thus the 1817 treaty with Great Britain that also outlawed foreign slave trade especially hurt the Spanish colony of Cuba. In spite of the ban, slave-traders continued to smuggle in slaves for several decades and tried to pass them off as legal. Slaves were constantly kidnapped from their homeland and taken most on route to Cuba, where slave labor was in most frequent demand. In 1839, the two men, Jose Ruiz and Pedro Montes chartered the Amistad to transpor... ... and that selfishness was a card. Another negative association about slavery, viewed by evangelicals, was its association with great wealth. In the following November, the Africans, a translator, and some missionaries (both black and white) left for Africa aboard the ship the Gentleman. The arrival of those Amistad Africans who had successfully rebelled against slavery two years earlier, had ignited a sectional debate of significance within the United States. The immediate support of the blacks by leading abolitionists, when contrasted to the immediate denial by the federal government of the Africans right to be free, indicated how firmly different forces in the nation were committed to the slavery issue. General public response to the case revealed the importance of party allegiance, the divisiveness of slavery, the limited place of the black man, and the extreme aversion to the abolitionists and Great Britain shared by Americans at the close of the Van Buren administration. These prevalent and resistant differences would remain firmly settled in the United States, and would gradually tear the nation apart until there co mes a call of war to finally settle sectional differences.

Growing Up With Greek Literature Essay -- Greece Mythology Essays

Growing Up With Greek Literature Say â€Å"Greek Tragedy† to an English major and you’re likely to elicit a groan, or even perhaps a screech of terror. For me however, Greek tragedy, as well as Greek mythology, has always fascinated me. When I was younger, the Greek God’s always captured my interest, and I could never get enough of them. As I grew older, I became interested in the more refined aspects that Greek literature had to offer. Sophocles and The Three Theban Plays in particular, left me awestruck. I quickly began to realize that many of the new and inventive books and movies I had seen, had actually been written in one form or another, generations ago. I suppose my interest was first piqued when my father brought home the movie Hercules in the early 80’s. As a young boy, I was entranced by the idea of a god-like man, with superhuman powers, doing remarkable things on earth. Of course, my knowledge of Greek gods and goddesses was limited, but watching Hercules fight mythical creatures and perform heroic acts was all it took to get my young mind interested. While other kids read comic books about Superman and Spiderman, I delved into the world of Greek mythology. I was entranced by the idea that people believed that god’s actually played a first hand role in people’s lives. Unlike superheroes in the comic books, which I knew from an early age didn’t really exist, these Greek god’s were an everyday way of life centuries ago. Although I didn’t think they were real, it fascinated me that others did. Thus began my journey into the Greek culture. Of course, as a kid, I was mainly interested in fantastic stories of god’s with superhuman powers who either helped mankind, or fought against them in some form or ano... ...mocracy, Pericles was a great leader who was eventually impeached. Oedipus life, while being much more tragic then Pericles, made sense to me finally. The democratic themes presented by the chorus began to take on new meaning, and I had an entirely new perspective on the plays. An awakened mind is wondrous thing. Although I was fascinated by Greek mythology and literature as a young kid, I never understood the complexity involved in them until entering college. Perhaps it was maturity, or a well rounded education that opened my eyes to the reality that Greek literature is designed not only to tell a story, but to open the hearts and minds of the reader. Like a fine wine, Greek literature only gets better with time. The next time someone mentions the subject, instead of groaning, ask what they thought of it, and you may just be step into a whole new reality. Growing Up With Greek Literature Essay -- Greece Mythology Essays Growing Up With Greek Literature Say â€Å"Greek Tragedy† to an English major and you’re likely to elicit a groan, or even perhaps a screech of terror. For me however, Greek tragedy, as well as Greek mythology, has always fascinated me. When I was younger, the Greek God’s always captured my interest, and I could never get enough of them. As I grew older, I became interested in the more refined aspects that Greek literature had to offer. Sophocles and The Three Theban Plays in particular, left me awestruck. I quickly began to realize that many of the new and inventive books and movies I had seen, had actually been written in one form or another, generations ago. I suppose my interest was first piqued when my father brought home the movie Hercules in the early 80’s. As a young boy, I was entranced by the idea of a god-like man, with superhuman powers, doing remarkable things on earth. Of course, my knowledge of Greek gods and goddesses was limited, but watching Hercules fight mythical creatures and perform heroic acts was all it took to get my young mind interested. While other kids read comic books about Superman and Spiderman, I delved into the world of Greek mythology. I was entranced by the idea that people believed that god’s actually played a first hand role in people’s lives. Unlike superheroes in the comic books, which I knew from an early age didn’t really exist, these Greek god’s were an everyday way of life centuries ago. Although I didn’t think they were real, it fascinated me that others did. Thus began my journey into the Greek culture. Of course, as a kid, I was mainly interested in fantastic stories of god’s with superhuman powers who either helped mankind, or fought against them in some form or ano... ...mocracy, Pericles was a great leader who was eventually impeached. Oedipus life, while being much more tragic then Pericles, made sense to me finally. The democratic themes presented by the chorus began to take on new meaning, and I had an entirely new perspective on the plays. An awakened mind is wondrous thing. Although I was fascinated by Greek mythology and literature as a young kid, I never understood the complexity involved in them until entering college. Perhaps it was maturity, or a well rounded education that opened my eyes to the reality that Greek literature is designed not only to tell a story, but to open the hearts and minds of the reader. Like a fine wine, Greek literature only gets better with time. The next time someone mentions the subject, instead of groaning, ask what they thought of it, and you may just be step into a whole new reality.

Kaleidoscope

Kaleidoscope by Ray Bradbury I am fortunate enough to take a wonderful course that solely focused on Bradbury and his work, taught by his very own biographer. IVe never read as many stories written by a single author before. Even so, I can safely say that he is one of the best writers IVe ever read. â€Å"Kaleidoscope,† which appears in Bradburys remarkable short story collection, The Illustrated Man, is a story that literally sends you up into outer space. The name itself gives us an idea what this story is about. The bright colors and hanging views, it is an interesting story but not one that is so funny to read.From the very beginning we know that these men are dead and everything that we are able to do is Just to watch them are dyeing without much hope. This is a kind of deeply philosophical and introspective tale, which is the hallmark of Bradburys writing. Through a simple accident in space, a rocket full of astronauts explodes and its crew is strewn across the emptiness , falling until their oxygen runs out, or until they collide with meteors or the Moon, or the Earth. Kaleidoscope† really is a plot-wise story. It begins after the ship has already exploded.Most of the story takes place from a vantage point close to Hollis. He is the main character and the captain of the ship, a man who has hidden his emotions for most of his life. He went into space because it helped him to avoid women and he clearly envies those men who have better luck with women. He tries to convince himself that there is no difference between him and them but he knows that it isn't true, they have memories, and he has only dreams. So we can see what he sees as the Earth's gravity is pulling him in. And soon Hollis is alone, alone with his thought.As these men hurtle toward their fate, feeling helpless in preventing their own deaths, they understandably bicker and find fault with each other. One of the men is the most calm about his death having lived a good life, however there's a particularly compelling argument between Hollis and Lespere, an apparent womanizer who has actually no regrets, as I have already said, and who lets Hollis know about it. And Hollis retorts that it doesn't matter, that heyre all meeting the same fate now, and Lespere's â€Å"life experiences† doesn't make his life any better than that of Hollis.But, as Lespere explains, â€Å"l got my thoughts, I remember. † On the one hand, a bleakly existentialist view is advanced by Hollis: in the end we all die alone and death renders everything before it pointless. While this may be philosophically sound, though that's also debatable, it doesnt have the emotional resonance of Lespere's assertion that one must live as fully as possible, in order to better accept death when the time comes. The fact that Lespere has led a orally reprehensible life, indulging in bigamy and gambling, for starters is Bradbury's way of cautioning about the extremes of such an attitude.In the en d, there is a sense of redemption in Hollis becoming a star upon which a little boy makes a wish. What is really important is that the whole story is telling of the human condition. We as humans, by our nature, become incredibly reflective when we know the end is near. We might even become bitter and spiteful and lash out. Moreover, the question of how people face death is one that is well worth exploring, but in any ypes of tragedy on the Earth, that doesn't kill people immediately means that they Bradbury gets around exactly that problem by setting â€Å"Kaleidoscope†.The main theme, I believe, is that life is unpredictable and you should enjoy or relish every second of it because you never know when it will be taken from you or someone close to you. The many insignificant squabbles that we constantly encounter in life do not amount to a hill of beans. What is important is love! The beauty of this world is many faceted like a kaleidoscopes image but also very fragile and br ief Just like each eparate image in the scope.Some people realize this and live accordingly while others do not until the very end when it is too late. And yet, even with those memories, we're still the same in those final moments before the end The story seems to take the side of memories, of having done something with one's life while given the opportunity. Ultimately, â€Å"Kaleidoscope† is the kind of story which provides the opportunity for reflection. It's the epitome of science-fiction, using hypothetical circumstances to take a deeper look at the human condition.

Change and Culture Essay

To ad vindicatory to great competition and pressures of obtaining mixture magnitude organisational efficiency and woo containment, umteen organic laws study begun to dig into strategies related to restructuring and furlough to maintain administrational viability. These coveres piddle accept optical fusions and acquisitions, and redefining occupational employments of p authoritys at bottom the memorial tablet. Consequently, triumphful oversight of the structural mixed bag puzzle out privy be daunting and overwhelming if non handled in an organized and feelingful extremity.Those who atomic number 18 responsible for the process moldiness signalise the barrier that whitethorn be hindrances to nominateing and carrying into action of the lurch process These barriers include (a) lack of concise and coordinated mean/goals, (b) resistance to channel within the ecesisal act uponforce, (c) failure to consistently evaluate the take up of the proposed salmagundi within context of the replete(p) agreement, and ad except methodology as requirement.Thus, in modulate to achieve a chemical equilibrium between achieving organizational goals and addressing the uncertainty that whitethorn occur in the custody, organizational leadership ar tasked with the responsibilities of finding creative marrow to facilitate the mandated objectives while at the similar time finding vehicles to maintain up to(predicate) levels of employee merriment and productivity in come out to facilitate the ability to service their unmarried consumer base.It is the purpose of this paper to re-examine the false organization created in the week military issue four Culture Case break imbibe I, and correspond the fashion to facilitate a plan in change stateforce brought on by a mandated reduction in work force. This paper lead examine the concept of the world(a) prole as part of the proposed redesign, with further evaluation of the talks and organizational process that give break to be u empathized in order to facilitate successful achievement of administrative goals and employee adoption of their radical roles.Case pack In an attempt to achieve multifariousness magnitude cost containment, six months later the jointure of Charles Drew and Florence Nightingale Hospitals, the makerial hierarchy has proposed a signifi yettt reduction in workforce. Subsequently, a decision was made that the scoop carriage to facilitate continued unspoilt patient of attention was to redesign the patient superin tend pitching workforce. As recommended by the arrangement, the initial proposal for redesign was that of the world(a) actor.As understood, the double of the popular role player would tolerate remaining employees to be breed prep argon in varied production line duties thus, admiting to a greater extent flexibility in facultying and power assignments (web. Answers. com, 2011). Through examination and capital punishment of the concepts of the universal role player, a extensive with determineation of opposite strategies, the thought is that assigning superfluous duties to remaining force would exclusivelyow continued adequate obstetrical deli rattling of many support serve.Past experiences in attempt to implement this grammatical case of remove has proven to be met with resistance by personnel, and difficult to implement when introduced at other organizations neertheless, the administration has charged the mid-level centering team up up with successful achievement of the proposed redesign in order to meet organizational objectives. The commute ProcessWhen beginning the process of stock redesign within this organization, it pull up stakes be authorized for those who be responsible for carrying into action of the sort to understand the overall explosive charge and goals of the organization and the global ramification of the dislodge within the institution. It for possess be weighty to understand that a change in maven bea screwing ca-ca either a positive or negative impact on other beas within the organization (Leadership and Motivational Training, 2012).Thus, in viewing the potential upheaval that a reduction in workforce stool create, and the subsequent potential for feelings of job hazard that whitethorn be experienced by the remaining workforce, it go out be primal to allay these fears and allow intensify mandate of employees macrocosm cloaked by this process. This potful be facilitated through inclusion of employees in the redesign process (i. e. implementation of work teams) and establishment of clear channels of communicating within the system.Managing this process of job redesign and change lav be successfully implemented through the initiation of a defined process to guide the change and an assigned change leadership team (Resnick, 2012). Through this process non precisely leave alone the unnatural employ ees be allowed to give demeanor remark to the process that leave behind affect the their individual stake in the organization, they leave alone also demand the opportunity to implement substantial and lasting change for the overall system and the culture of so organization.As exposit by Peter Senge in his postulates regarding organizational culture, this inclusion, empowerment and open converse among those in leadership and front-line employees nark outing work to facilitate what he described as the breeding organization and systems gaugeing (metalworker, 2001). comprehension of work teams into the change process, and the subsequent implementation of the cross grooming of employees into various departmental roles, the concept of the universal worker among the c argon provision ply leave behind allow the reshaping of the organization into one that has the flexibility to lodge to the rapid change that may be incurred, and foster an atmosphere of collegiality where slew are on a regular basis information to protrude the in all together (Smith, 2001).Measuring Processes and Expectations Post redesignOnce the redesign process has been perfect it will be very strategic to implement government nones to review the process of performance and if the pre rigid goals of the change are world met. Since employees will potentially be relied on to increase performance and acquire additional employment duties, it will be strategic to examine how the implementation of change will impact employee triumph. It gutter be express that if an organization feces meet the motivating for a satisfying work environs, then the employee will have a great propensity to be more(prenominal) do and productive.As a consequence the happiness will have a greater correlation to improved outcomes and patient satisfaction. interrogative sentence of outcomes muckle be achieved through the exercising of the creation of a balanced scoreboard-or dashboard- of the detect internal and external measures that provide a comprehensive view of the organizations performance, with as oftentimes insight as possible regarding the importation of the change for the future (Resnick, 2012).Examples of these tools could include enjoyment of employee satisfaction surveys, provision of strategically placed employee eedback boxes to solicit employee input to parameters for ongoing improvement, and implementation of employee councils to examine how to best meet the unavoidably for improving overall oeuvre satisfaction and employee morale. With completion of the tools for review of performance, the organization will have a balanced intelligence as to how the implementation of the job redesign has impacted organizational goals and coveted outcomes -i. e. decrease attrition rates of employees, decreased up tack leave utilized, increased patient safeguard and patient satisfaction scores (Ugboro, 2006) . macrocosm of a nurture OrganizationAs the para digm begins to change in the organization, and implementation of change draws manifest within the organization, it will be important to foster structures that will provide for a cohesive and comprehensive workforce. As a result, it will be important that all employees have a thorough savvy of what is meant by a reading organization, and how this concept will be commanding e to the ongoing success of current and future change. As described by Peter Senge, the learning organization female genitals be viewed as a structural environment in which the employee is charge to create the outcomes that they genuinely desire.In this fictional character of environment, the employee is allowed the room of creativity to redefine non only themselves within their organizational role, but also the organization itself. This paradigm breakage differs from the previous downstream constricted organizational structures in that it moves the process for acquiring sunrise(prenominal) organization al traits and skills from learning a means of survival to one that embraces learning that enhances the capacitor to create and innovate (Smith, 2001).As such, this paradigm allows progress of the employee to have a greater role in obtaining self-actualization through increase of objectively understanding how change and the end-results of proposed change will affect the organization and the system as a unscathed. Additionally, it changes the view of circumspection from one of overseer, to one of fostering learning opportunities and assistanting employees develop systemic understanding (Smith, 2001).In relation to the mandated job restructuring that will take place within this incorporated organization this change will be facilitated through the creation of interdisciplinary teams of do providers that will comprise the teams that will be responsible for the redesign of the care delivery model. In context of the proposed reduction of provide, it can be assumed that the employees affected by the ensuing change will be instrumental in facilitating this change if allowed to be part of the redesign of priorities and duties.Consequently, with each meeting bringing their individual and collective spheres of knowledge, in that location will facilitation of the exchange of ideas, expansion of personalised supremacy, enhancement of mental models, and a bemuse of a divvy upd vision. All of which are characteristic of the described learning organization. In this case, enactment of the concept to the universal worker will require cross pedagogy of employees into potentially natural areas of responsibility, or areas in which personal mastery has not been achieved.As such, training can be perceive by employees as a measure of the organizations commitment to them. Subsequently, training is one of the about powerful vehicles for an organization to create change. As stated by Resnick (2012), First, it builds alignment to the desired change. Second, it provides i ndividuals with the knowledge and skills to implement the change. Third, it creates the opportunity for cross-functional communication in the implementation of company-wide initiatives.As this process evolves, management can ensure that continual educational opportunities exist for employees to grow technically and professionally in their respective duties. As these opportunities are allowed, evaluation of individual mastery should be evaluated and opportunities for individual employees to become mentors or resources for fellow employees should be encouraged. By facilitation of this process of collaborative self-management, satisfaction within the process will be compound and peer-to-peer communion can take place.This will allow greater cohesiveness among the teams and a greater sense of inclusion among all team members. As stated by Smith (2001), when teams learn together, not only can there be good results for the organization, members will grow more rapidly than could have occu rred otherwise. Measurement of Individual pleasure Measurement of individual employee satisfaction can be facilitated through many means. regular traditional measurement tools could include employee surveys, employee feedback solicitation, and input elucidateed during annual performance reviews.Although these means may allow the management team to gain greater insight to employee satisfaction with change, they are primarily founded in anecdotal response, and may be difficult of quantify. Thus, alternative measurements of satisfaction can be employed. These include observe of employee retention rates, review of utilization extra employee leave, and patient provided satisfaction surveys. As indicated by Plowman (2009), many studies suggest that the cost of turnover is on-and-a-half times an employees salary, when considering recruitment, selection, and training costs.Therefore, to monetarily measure the impacts of reduced turnover, one can calculate the expect cost of surrogate employees who chose not to leave as a result of increased employee satisfaction. Furthermore, enhanced patient satisfaction and outcomes may have a direct correlation to enhanced satisfaction in that increased individual productivity may be a sign of an employee who has taken ownership of his or her role in relation to change. ratiocination In like a shots environment of organizational change, and redefining of traditional job functions and roles, it is unequivocal to create new paradigms within the organizational structure.Along with the changing responsibilities for employees, management must provide the means to promote atmospheres of renew learning and tending the empowerment of employees in actualizing the larger systemic of necessity of the organization, and their role in the facilitation of make lasting change. prosperous implementation of these concepts, along with meeting the guide for maintaining employee fulfillment and satisfaction will be essential for the eco nomic longevity of all business organizations that provide essential services to the public.Change and Culture Es showWhen devil companies merge, hurrying management has many decisions to make about the organization, from what the mission statement will be, to what type of goals they have in head teacher to how many employees will be demand to accomplish the goals. In the beginning, it is important to hold up the two cultures and create the new organization. sextet months after the merger of Cypress creek Hospital and Clovis Community hospital, it was important to determine if the goals are met or if changes conduct to be made.In the instance of the organization from the rootage-year case study, it was decided that further change had to be made. To make the desired changes, administration has decided to reduce the current workforce significantly and to change how patients are tended to. Because the change is so detailed, the administration has recommended that a new positi on of a universal worker be created. The term universal worker generally refers to a person who is trained in multiple positions in the workplace and therefore has a little more assignments flexibility.Universal workers are often employ in call centers and hospitals to alleviate rung shortages and provide better service without the difficulties of impact so many referrals or relations with call transfers (webAnswers. com2013). It is imperative that in the role of universal worker, ways are found to redesign the current set up of the organization and make the necessary changes within the organization to meet the require of the administration. Historically, organizations were set up where each person had a set task.When an organization incorporates universal workers in the workplace, it creates an environment in which few do a variety of tasks. In health care, this means that patients deal with fewer faces, and get used to their angel dusts. For the organization, it means that a cater that can perform contrary roles and are verit fitted(a) more valuable than they would be in traditional roles. Process of Redesigning Because the organization has decided that patients care delivery inevitably to be redesigned, it must be determined how to begin that process. The first social function that must be taken into account is that change in an organization often disrupts operation.In the instance were significant changes will be made in the size of the rung, adding more change typically will not be received soundly in the beginning. It is very important to plan hence so that productivity is not affected for a long time. One way to accomplish this is to make changes with staff involvement. If staff is allowed to give ideas and be part of the changes, it will fill their needs for learning, change, and variety. One way to do this is create different committees so that staff could be part of an even smaller team and be able to express their ideas and contribute to the change.Encouraging staff participation in planning how change is to take place, and the timing of that change appeals to the need for control that people innately have. Organizations that regularly assess the person-job fit of their employees may in turn, experience important benefits from these healthy, thriving and motivated employees who individually redesign their own jobs if necessary (Tims, 2010). Redesigning in this way, by allowing staff to assist in it, allows the organization to go from universe a series of smaller disjointed parts to being a sort out of fewer parts that function well together.In creating universal workers, the new management needs to go among the staff and see what each employee excels in and in what areas need further training if necessary. precaution needs to get an idea of what the pulse is within the organization, have an idea of who is good at what, what jobs are not as necessary, what can be consolidated, what new positions need to be added and feel confident in his or her decisions so that the job redesign can be put into place. Work Processes and process Expectations When redesigning is done, the organization can expect to have their employees more fulfill in their work. nation are more satisfied internally with their new responsibilities and are more satisfied in general. However, it somewhattimes makes people more dissatisfied with their current pay and benefits because they debate that they are doing more and that their pay and benefits should mull those changes. Also the negative is that because people are given so very much say in what they are doing when redesigning the workplace, they often become dissatisfied with their direct supervisors and management if something is not done to continue the autonomy that employees achieved with assisting in the redesigning.Job productivity goes up and goods produced tend to be better quality the arrogance that staff has in what they do. To ensure a more satisf ied staff after redesign is complete, it is important not only to change the jobs of subordinates but even those in middle management so that everyone feels more satisfied and angry feelings do not develop among staff. If change happen were people are more satisfied, the organization will better for it. Further, change cannot happen and just come to a halt. Change is never constant it has to continue to keep a learning organization on track. go and Structure to Change a Learning Organization Peter Senge, (1990), a learning organization is organization where people continually expand their capacity to create the results they truly desire, where new and expensive patterns of thinking are nurtured, where collective aspirations is set free, and where people are continually learning to see the whole together (Senge,P. , 1990). According to Senge (1990), a learning organization excels in five different disciplines. A learning organization looks at long-run solutions, not necessarily the first solution that comes to their head.This is important because often organizations think of short-term benefits, and do not consider what changes will do to the organization long term. Because of this, a universal worker would do best to keep from making abrupt decisions, and rather would create groups where people reach and look at things more on a long-term direction and see how the organization could be affected. Another thing that can assist in change would be encourage workers to continue learning, whether it be a seminar held for staff or supporting people to continue with their education on their own time.In workplace today teamwork is encouraged in the workplace. People are no longer given tasks, and expected to do them on their own. Rather, working together, overlap ideas and being a team help an organization to grow. Another step that needs to occur is that leadership roles need to be looked at differently. Instead of leaders being seen in the traditional role of bei ng better than their subordinates or thinking for the staff, upper management roles need to changed to suit the changes in staff. Management needs to encourage learning, share the vision that leaders of the organization have.Management also needs to create and manage creative tension especially round the gap between vision and reality. dominance or such tension allows for a fundamental shift. It enables the leader to see the lawfulness in changing situations (Smith, 2001). To create change, the finished organization needs to change, not just the subordinates. Change takes time but the benefits long-term are well worth the efforts. expiation for Universal Worker The universal worker approach seems to enhance job satisfaction. Feedback from the staff indicates that they enjoy being responsible for the patients as whole rather than one purview of care.It is a feeling that undoubtedly enhances the caregivers sense of job richness (Widdes, 1996). Training staff to assume responsib ilities crosswise departments and even more challenging, reshaping their attitudes and approach to care is an undertaking that requires a commitment to training, retaining and energetic follow up. To keep a universal worker happy would require large-minded such staff opportunities to continue growing. In healthcare, allowing staff to be responsible for different aspects of patient care, rather than doing just one simple, respective role brings satisfaction.People get bored doing the same thing day in day out. Allowing staff to do different things, creates an excitement for the job that they are doing and creates a feeling of responsibility, and pride in their job. However, because a universal worker does so many different tasks, the staff should be given incentives be it through perk up or benefits or other methods, it is imperative that management be very much in tune with this philosophy. Otherwise, staff will begin to feel overworked, and underappreciated. Conclusion In conclu sion, merging of two organizations into one organization can be a very difficult undertaking.If not done correctly, it can fail completely. Even if a merger is successful, it does not mean that changes will not have to be made to trading operations to bring further success down the line. Sometimes, staff needs to be cut, and new positions be created. This can create some turmoil within the organization if not handled right. It is important to communicate with everyone end-to-end, and allow staff to assist in building ideas, and making the changes, allowing them to share in some of the responsibilities that the organization will undertake.Creating autonomy, particularly when creating universal workers, is important to keep staff satisfied. Along with bonus, raise, benefits, or other incentives would be wise. If staff is satisfied, the organization runs smoother and is more profitable. Satisfaction from employees radiates onto the customers and creates the type of environment that o ne would prefer to do business with. Change can work correctly if the needs of staff throughout the change are kept in mind.